Speakman Lauren L, Michienzi Sarah M, Badowski Melissa E
Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA.
Drugs Context. 2021 Oct 6;10. doi: 10.7573/dic.2021-6-2. eCollection 2021.
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an information overload of health data (both accurate and inaccurate) available to the public. With vitamins and supplements being readily accessible, many have turned to using them in an effort to combat the virus. The purpose of this review was to analyse clinical trials regarding vitamins and supplements for the treatment of COVID-19 infections.
Articles were identified through a literature search utilizing online databases and bibliographic review.
A total of seven articles were identified for review. All articles evaluated the use of vitamins and supplements for the treatment of COVID-19. Drug therapies included oral vitamin D, intravenous and oral vitamin C, oral vitamin D/magnesium/vitamin B12, oral zinc, oral combination zinc/ascorbic acid, and intravenous alpha-lipoic acid. The end points of each study varied, including the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, mortality, rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, negativity of COVID-19 tests, oxygen requirements, and symptom burden.
Of the vitamins and supplements that were studied, vitamin D presented the most promising data demonstrating significant decreases in oxygen requirements, need for ICU treatment, SARS-CoV-2 RNA test positivity, and mortality. All of these benefits were exhibited in hospitalized patients. Other vitamins and supplements that were evaluated in studies did not demonstrate any statistically significant benefits. Common shortcomings of the articles included generally small sample sizes, varying sites of study (which could determine the virus variant), a lack of standard of care as background therapy, and utilization of doses that were higher than standard.
在新冠疫情期间，公众可获取的健康数据（包括准确和不准确的）信息过载。由于维生素和补充剂很容易获得，许多人转向使用它们来对抗病毒。本综述的目的是分析关于维生素和补充剂治疗新冠病毒感染的临床试验。
通过利用在线数据库和文献综述进行文献检索来识别文章。
共识别出七篇文章进行综述。所有文章均评估了维生素和补充剂用于治疗新冠病毒感染的情况。药物疗法包括口服维生素D、静脉注射和口服维生素C、口服维生素D/镁/维生素B12、口服锌、口服锌/抗坏血酸组合以及静脉注射α-硫辛酸。每项研究的终点各不相同，包括序贯器官衰竭评估评分、死亡率、重症监护病房（ICU）收治率、新冠病毒检测阴性率、氧气需求和症状负担。
在所研究的维生素和补充剂中，维生素D呈现出最有前景的数据，表明氧气需求、ICU治疗需求、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）RNA检测阳性率和死亡率显著降低。所有这些益处都在住院患者中得到体现。研究中评估的其他维生素和补充剂未显示出任何统计学上的显著益处。文章的常见缺点包括样本量普遍较小、研究地点不同（这可能决定病毒变体）、缺乏作为背景治疗的护理标准以及使用高于标准的剂量。
