Alkhowaiter Saad, Alotaibi Rawan M, Alwehaibi Khulood K, Aljohany Arwa, Alruhaimi Batoul, Almasaad Munira, Alshammari Sulaiman A, Alsahafi Majid A
Gastroenterology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, SAU.
Gastroenterology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2021 Sep 6;13(9):e17751. doi: 10.7759/cureus.17751. eCollection 2021 Sep.
While multiple studies have evaluated the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, data from Saudi Arabia are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the association between GI symptoms and BMI in a Saudi population.
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2019 and April 2020. The data were collected using an electronic self-administered questionnaire. The study included adult participants and collected data on patients' demographics and GI symptoms. Participants with underlying GI diseases were excluded. A multivariate regression analysis was used to report the adjusted prevalence of GI symptoms in different BMI categories.
A total of 4415 participants completed the survey. After applying the exclusion criteria, 3866 were included. The mean age was 26.3 (±8.8) and 58.2% were females. The mean BMI was 25.2 (±6.7), and the distribution of BMI was as follows: underweight 428 (11.1%), normal BMI 1789 (46.2%), overweight 912 (23.5%), and obese 737 (19.1%). After adjustment for age, gender, and smoking and coffee habits, obesity (BMI > 30) was significantly associated with heartburn ( < 0.01, aOR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.33 - 1.92), bloating ( < 0.01, aOR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.6), and diarrhea ( < 0.01, aOR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.36 - 2.17)). Underweight (BMI < 18.5) was significantly associated with abdominal pain ( < 0.01, aOR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.12 - 1.73), nausea ( < 0.01, aOR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.29 - 2.1), and vomiting ( < 0.01, aOR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.23 - 3.25). There was no significant association between BMI and constipation.
Obesity was associated with heartburn, diarrhea, and bloating, while underweight status was associated with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. No association between BMI and constipation was found.
虽然多项研究评估了体重指数（BMI）对胃肠道（GI）症状患病率的影响，但沙特阿拉伯的数据却很匮乏。本研究旨在评估沙特人群中胃肠道症状与BMI之间的关联。
于2019年9月至2020年4月进行了一项前瞻性横断面研究。数据通过电子自填问卷收集。该研究纳入了成年参与者，并收集了患者的人口统计学数据和胃肠道症状。排除患有基础胃肠道疾病的参与者。采用多变量回归分析报告不同BMI类别中胃肠道症状的校正患病率。
共有4415名参与者完成了调查。应用排除标准后，纳入3866名。平均年龄为26.3（±8.8）岁，女性占58.2%。平均BMI为25.2（±6.7），BMI分布如下：体重过轻428人（11.1%），正常BMI 1789人（46.2%），超重912人（23.5%），肥胖737人（19.1%）。在对年龄、性别、吸烟和咖啡饮用习惯进行校正后，肥胖（BMI>30）与烧心显著相关（<0.01，校正比值比[aOR]1.6，95%置信区间[CI]：1.33 - 1.92）、腹胀（<0.01，aOR 1.31，95%CI：1.08 - 1.6）和腹泻（<0.01，aOR 1.72，95%CI：1.36 - 2.17）。体重过轻（BMI<18.5）与腹痛显著相关（<0.01，aOR 1.4，95%CI：1.12 - 1.73）、恶心（<0.01，aOR 1.6，95%CI：1.29 - 2.1）和呕吐（<0.01，aOR 2.02，95%CI：1.23 - 3.25）。BMI与便秘之间无显著关联。
肥胖与烧心、腹泻和腹胀有关，而体重过轻与恶心、呕吐和腹痛有关。未发现BMI与便秘之间存在关联。
