Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2022 Oct 10;74(10):1391-1405. doi: 10.1093/jpp/rgab146.
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) has opened the era of drug personalization, promising to revolutionize the pharmaceutical field with improvements in efficacy, safety and compliance of the treatments. As a result of these investigations, a vast therapeutic field has opened for 3DP-loaded drug devices with an anatomical fit. Along these lines, innovative dosage forms, unimaginable until recently, can be obtained. This review explores 3DP-engineered drug devices described in recent research articles, as well as in patented inventions, and even devices already produced by 3DP with drug-loading potential.
3D drug-loaded stents, implants and prostheses are reviewed, along with devices produced to fit hard-to-attach body parts such as nasal masks, vaginal rings or mouthguards. The most promising 3DP techniques for such devices and the complementary technologies surrounding these inventions are also discussed, particularly the scanners useful for mapping body parts. Health regulatory concerns regarding the new use of such technology are also analysed.
The scenario discussed in this review shows that for wearable 3DP drug devices to become a tangible reality to users, it will be necessary to overcome the existing regulatory barriers, create new interfaces with electronic systems and improve the mapping mechanisms of body surfaces.
三维打印（3DP）开创了药物个体化的时代，有望通过提高治疗的疗效、安全性和顺应性来彻底改变制药领域。由于这些研究，为具有解剖适配性的 3DP 载药器械开辟了广阔的治疗领域。沿着这些思路，可以获得以前难以想象的创新剂型。本综述探讨了最近研究文章以及专利发明中描述的 3DP 工程药物器械，甚至探讨了已经通过 3DP 生产具有载药潜力的器械。
综述了 3D 载药支架、植入物和假体，以及为贴合难以附着的身体部位（如鼻面罩、阴道环或护齿器）而生产的器械。还讨论了这些器械最有前途的 3DP 技术和这些发明周围的互补技术，特别是用于身体部位映射的扫描仪。还分析了健康监管部门对这种新技术新用途的关注。
本综述讨论的情况表明，为了让可穿戴的 3DP 药物设备成为用户的现实，有必要克服现有的监管障碍，与电子系统创建新接口，并改进身体表面的映射机制。
