Liew V P, Daly C G
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1986 Dec;14(6):362-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1986.tb01092.x.
This study investigated the occurrence, causes and types of anterior dental trauma treated outside normal clinic and practice hours in Newcastle, Australia. During a 2 1/2-yr period, 233 patients presented for treatment of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth on week nights, weekends and public holidays. The highest occurrence of trauma was in the 18 to 23 yr group (24.9%), followed by the 6 to 11 (23.6%) and the 12 to 17 (22.3%) yr groups. Men sustained injuries more frequently than women in all age groups. The male/female ratio was 2.6:1. The four main causes of trauma were falls (26.6%), sports (18.0%), bicycle accidents (14.2%) and assaults or fights (13.3%). The 233 patients sustained 488 injuries to 95 primary and 373 permanent teeth (n = 468). Maxillary central incisors were the most frequently injured teeth. The mean number of teeth injured per patient was 2.01. Luxation (46.9%) was the most common injury in the primary dentition. In the permanent dentition, crown fractures without pulp exposures (25.0%), followed by luxation (23.5%), were the most common injuries. Avulsion represented 11.5% of all injuries. The findings of this study indicate that anterior dental trauma treated after-hours may be more severe, involve more teeth and affect predominantly older age groups than traumatic injuries treated during normal hours.
本研究调查了澳大利亚纽卡斯尔市在正常门诊和工作时间之外接受治疗的前牙外伤的发生率、原因及类型。在两年半的时间里，有233名患者在工作日夜间、周末及公共假日前来治疗前牙外伤。外伤发生率最高的是18至23岁年龄组（24.9%），其次是6至11岁（23.6%）和12至17岁（22.3%）年龄组。在所有年龄组中，男性受伤的频率均高于女性。男女比例为2.6:1。外伤的四个主要原因是跌倒（26.6%）、运动（18.0%）、自行车事故（14.2%）以及袭击或斗殴（13.3%）。这233名患者的95颗乳牙和373颗恒牙（共468颗牙）遭受了488次损伤。上颌中切牙是最常受伤的牙齿。每位患者平均受伤牙齿数为2.01颗。乳牙列中，牙齿松动（46.9%）是最常见的损伤。恒牙列中，未露髓的冠折（25.0%）最为常见，其次是牙齿松动（23.5%）。牙齿完全脱位占所有损伤的11.5%。本研究结果表明，与正常工作时间治疗的外伤相比，非工作时间治疗的前牙外伤可能更严重，累及更多牙齿，且主要影响年龄较大的人群。
