University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA.
Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Anchorage, Alaska, USA.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2021 Dec;80(1):1986975. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2021.1986975.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a global health threat. The World Health Organization (WHO) established a goal to eliminate HBV infection as a public health threat by 2030, and defined targets for key interventions to achieve that goal. We evaluated HBV burden and relevant national recommendations for progress towards WHO targets in circumpolar countries. Viral hepatitis experts of circumpolar countries were surveyed regarding their country's burden of HBV, achievement of WHO targets and national public health authority recommendations for HBV prevention and control. Eight of nine circumpolar countries responded. All countries continue to see new HBV infections. Data about HBV prevalence and progress in reaching WHO 2030 elimination targets are lacking. No country was able to report data for all seven WHO target measures. All countries have recommendations targeting the prevention of mother-to-child transmission. Only the USA and Greenland recommend universal birth dose vaccination. Four countries have recommendations to screen persons at high risk for HBV. Existing recommendations largely address prevention; however, recommendations for universal birth dose vaccination have not been widely introduced. Opportunities remain for the development of trackable targets and national elimination planning to screen and treat for HBV to reduce incidence and mortality.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染仍然是一个全球健康威胁。世界卫生组织（WHO）设定了一个目标，即在 2030 年前消除 HBV 感染对公共卫生的威胁，并为实现这一目标确定了关键干预措施的目标。我们评估了环北极国家的 HBV 负担以及在实现世卫组织目标方面的国家建议的进展情况。环北极国家的病毒性肝炎专家接受了有关其国家 HBV 负担、实现世卫组织目标以及国家公共卫生当局预防和控制 HBV 的建议的调查。九个环北极国家中有八个作出了回应。所有国家仍在发现新的 HBV 感染病例。关于 HBV 流行率和在实现世卫组织 2030 年消除目标方面的进展的数据缺乏。没有一个国家能够报告所有七个世卫组织目标措施的数据。所有国家都有针对母婴传播预防的建议。只有美国和格陵兰建议普遍接种出生剂量疫苗。四个国家有针对乙型肝炎病毒高危人群进行筛查的建议。现有的建议主要针对预防；然而，普遍接种出生剂量疫苗的建议尚未得到广泛采用。仍有机会制定可追踪的目标和国家消除计划，以筛查和治疗 HBV，从而降低发病率和死亡率。
