VallenPaz Corporation, Cali, Colombia.
Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.
Int J Equity Health. 2021 Oct 20;20(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s12939-021-01568-2.
Adolescent pregnancy in rural areas is a persistent health problem that has still not properly been understood. Studies with qualitative perspectives that address this phenomenon as a complex social process, which involves the recognition of the voices of the actors involved and the analysis of the specific context in which it takes place, are limited.
This research explored the perceptions of young people and other social actors (municipalities of Palmira and El Cerrito in Colombia) of the social forces and dimensions of the social determination of adolescent pregnancy in the Amaime river basin. These geographic areas have been scenes of armed violence with various groups in combat within the context of a long-standing political conflict in Colombia. After the 2016 Havana agreements were signed, peacebuilding has been underway in its territories.
A qualitative study that implemented focus groups and semi-structured interviews was conducted. The theoretical approach of social determination of health proposed by Breilh was used to study the social process entailed in adolescent pregnancy. Perceptions about social conditions, specific ways of life, and lifestyles were addressed. Galtung and Fischer's theoretical approach on violence and peacebuilding was also incorporated to enrich the understanding of the Colombian context. The analysis was conducted with approaches from phenomenology.
Living conditions with strong social stigma and demand for social, political, and cultural opportunities were found. Regarding ways of life, little communication and information about sex education was perceived. As for lifestyles, there are youthful behaviors infused by sociocultural traditions that affect life projects and sexual behavior. Gender relations are precarious, and there are various types of violence that limit effective peacebuilding.
This study contributes to a priority issue in sexual and reproductive health, with an approach that generates analytical elements to comprehensively expand the social and health interventions required.
农村青少年怀孕是一个持续存在的健康问题，尚未得到妥善理解。研究采用定性视角，将这一现象视为一个复杂的社会过程，涉及到承认相关行为者的声音，并分析其发生的具体背景，此类研究较为有限。
本研究旨在探讨年轻人和其他社会行为者（哥伦比亚帕尔米拉和埃尔塞里托市）对阿玛伊姆河流域青少年怀孕的社会决定因素的社会力量和维度的看法。这些地理区域曾是武装暴力的发生地，各种团体在哥伦比亚长期政治冲突的背景下发生战斗。2016 年签署哈瓦那协议后，在其领土上开展了建设和平工作。
实施了焦点小组和半结构化访谈的定性研究。采用 Breilh 提出的健康社会决定因素理论方法来研究青少年怀孕所涉及的社会过程。探讨了关于社会条件、特定生活方式和生活方式的看法。还纳入了 Galtung 和 Fischer 关于暴力和建设和平的理论方法，以丰富对哥伦比亚背景的理解。分析采用了现象学方法。
发现了存在严重社会污名和对社会、政治和文化机会的强烈需求的生活条件。在生活方式方面，人们认为性教育方面的沟通和信息很少。至于生活方式，存在着受社会文化传统影响的年轻行为，这些行为影响着人生规划和性行为。性别关系不稳定，存在着各种类型的暴力，限制了有效的建设和平工作。
本研究为性健康和生殖健康的一个优先问题做出了贡献，采用的方法生成了分析要素，全面扩大了所需的社会和健康干预措施。
