Kornilova Tatiana, Zhou Qiuqi
General Psychology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mokhovaya Street, 11/9, 125009 Moscow, Russia.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2021 Oct 11;11(10):137. doi: 10.3390/bs11100137.
The current manuscript presents the results of a cross-cultural comparison of the relationships between empathy and implicit theories of emotion in individuals from China and Russia. We hypothesized that the members of the Chinese culture would differ from the more Western Russian participants in terms of relationships between the various components of the emotional domain. Thus, we aimed to identify latent personality profiles while hypothesizing that the Chinese sample would demonstrate more prominent links between empathy and implicit theories regarding the possibility of controlling emotions. We also assumed that immediate social context could affect the results, and therefore, we compare two groups of Chinese participants-those living in China and those living in Russia, predominantly studying in Russian universities. The initial sample included Russians (N = 523), Chinese living in Russia (N = 376), and Chinese living in China (N = 423). However, following matching procedures to enable the sociodemographic comparability of samples, the final comparison was reduced to a final sample of Russians (N = 400), a sample of Chinese living in Russia (N = 363), and a sample of Chinese living in China (N = 421). We used latent class analysis and correlation analyses to test the study hypotheses. The study found that, unlike Russians, the Chinese participants demonstrated a positive correlation between incremental implicit theories of emotions and empathy. We also established significant group and gender differences. Russian women reported higher affective empathy than men, whereas Chinese women demonstrated higher affective empathy and cognitive empathy, as well as incremental implicit theories of emotion.
本手稿展示了对中国和俄罗斯个体的共情与内隐情绪理论之间关系的跨文化比较结果。我们假设，在情感领域的各个组成部分之间的关系方面，中国文化背景的成员会与更具西方文化背景的俄罗斯参与者有所不同。因此，我们旨在识别潜在的人格特征，同时假设中国样本在共情与关于情绪控制可能性的内隐理论之间会表现出更显著的联系。我们还认为即时的社会环境可能会影响结果，因此，我们比较了两组中国参与者——居住在中国的和居住在俄罗斯（主要在俄罗斯大学学习）的。初始样本包括俄罗斯人（N = 523）、居住在俄罗斯的中国人（N = 376）和居住在中国的中国人（N = 423）。然而，经过匹配程序以使样本在社会人口统计学上具有可比性后，最终比较的样本为俄罗斯人（N = 400）、居住在俄罗斯的中国人（N = 363）和居住在中国的中国人（N = 421）。我们使用潜在类别分析和相关分析来检验研究假设。研究发现，与俄罗斯人不同，中国参与者在情绪的增量内隐理论与共情之间表现出正相关。我们还发现了显著的群体和性别差异。俄罗斯女性报告的情感共情高于男性，而中国女性表现出更高的情感共情和认知共情，以及情绪的增量内隐理论。
