Ferronato Navarro, Moresco Luca, Guisbert Lizarazu Gabriela Edith, Gorritty Portillo Marcelo Antonio, Conti Fabio, Torretta Vincenzo
Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
COOPI-Cooperazione Internazionale, Milan, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(4):8548-8562. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16968-8. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
Construction and demolition waste (CDW) and municipal solid waste (MSW) are the waste flows mostly generated at a global level. In developing countries, most of these waste streams are disposed of in open dumps. Policy-makers should be informed in which priorities should be established in order to improve the quality of the environment. The current research compares the environmental impacts generated by the MSW and CDW management system of La Paz (Bolivia). The aim is to evaluate (1) which environmental impact indicators are more important per waste flow and (2) if recycling can be considered a good option for mitigating such environmental footprint. A life cycle assessment (LCA) of the formal MSW management and the CDW mismanagement (i.e., open dumping) were conducted. The analysis of the management system (2019) is compared with future developments in recycling that counts with the support of an international cooperative project financed by the Italian cooperation. Results reported that, at a municipal level, CDW mismanagement contributes more than 60% to the freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, which represents the most relevant impact generated by this waste stream. Recycling allows achieving avoided impacts higher than the ones produced for three of six environmental impacts, suggesting MSW and CDW recovery as an important option for preventing environmental degradation. The research is the first attempt to highlight the importance of organizing appropriate CDW management systems into an integrated waste management scheme for mitigating environmental impacts in developing cities.
建筑和拆除废物（CDW）以及城市固体废物（MSW）是全球产生量最大的废物流。在发展中国家，这些废物流大多被倾倒在露天垃圾场。政策制定者应了解应确定哪些优先事项以改善环境质量。当前的研究比较了拉巴斯（玻利维亚）城市固体废物和建筑与拆除废物管理系统产生的环境影响。目的是评估：（1）每种废物流中哪些环境影响指标更为重要；（2）回收利用是否可被视为减轻此类环境足迹的良好选择。对正规的城市固体废物管理和建筑与拆除废物管理不善（即露天倾倒）进行了生命周期评估（LCA）。将管理系统（2019年）的分析与在一个由意大利合作资助的国际合作项目支持下的回收利用未来发展情况进行了比较。结果表明，在城市层面，建筑与拆除废物管理不善对淡水水生生态毒性的贡献超过60%，这是该废物流产生的最相关影响。回收利用能够实现的避免影响高于六种环境影响中的三种所产生的影响，这表明城市固体废物和建筑与拆除废物回收是防止环境退化的重要选择。该研究首次尝试强调将适当的建筑与拆除废物管理系统纳入综合废物管理计划对于减轻发展中城市环境影响的重要性。
