Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Oct 9;13(10):713. doi: 10.3390/toxins13100713.
Intracellular bacterial pathogens establish their replicative niches within membrane-encompassed compartments, called vacuoles. A subset of these bacteria uses a nanochannel called the type 4 secretion system (T4SS) to inject effector proteins that subvert the host cell machinery and drive the biogenesis of these compartments. These bacteria have also developed sophisticated ways of altering the innate immune sensing and response of their host cells, which allow them to cause long-lasting infections and chronic diseases. This review covers the mechanisms employed by intravacuolar pathogens to escape innate immune sensing and how Type 4-secreted bacterial effectors manipulate host cell mechanisms to allow the persistence of bacteria.
细胞内细菌病原体在称为空泡的膜包围的隔间中建立其复制生态位。这些细菌的一部分使用称为 IV 型分泌系统 (T4SS) 的纳米通道来注射效应蛋白,这些蛋白颠覆宿主细胞机制并驱动这些隔间的生物发生。这些细菌还开发了复杂的方法来改变宿主细胞的先天免疫感应和反应,这使它们能够引起持久的感染和慢性疾病。本综述涵盖了细胞内病原体逃避先天免疫感应所采用的机制,以及 IV 型分泌的细菌效应子如何操纵宿主细胞机制以允许细菌持续存在。