Butler R T, Kalkwarf K L, Kaldahl W B
J Am Dent Assoc. 1987 Jan;114(1):56-60. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1987.0050.
This article has summarized observations and results of controlled laboratory and clinical studies of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia associated with phenytoin, cyclosporine, and nifedipine use. Furthermore, information regarding the pharmacologic aspects of these medications is presented. More information is needed for a greater understanding of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia. It appears that the primary preventive measure is to maintain a high standard of oral hygiene and the elimination of gingival irritation. As stated by Tyldesley and Rotter, because the structures of the three drugs are different, the gingival changes may result from a metabolic by-product rather than the drugs themselves. Similarly acting metabolites of all the drugs may be involved. Further laboratory investigations and controlled clinical trials are needed for more understanding of this phenomenon.
本文总结了与使用苯妥英钠、环孢素和硝苯地平相关的药物性牙龈增生的对照实验室和临床研究的观察结果。此外，还介绍了这些药物的药理学方面的信息。为了更深入了解药物性牙龈增生，还需要更多信息。看来主要的预防措施是保持高标准的口腔卫生并消除牙龈刺激。正如泰尔德斯利和罗特所说，由于这三种药物的结构不同，牙龈变化可能是由代谢副产物而非药物本身引起的。所有药物的类似作用代谢物可能都参与其中。需要进一步的实验室研究和对照临床试验来更深入了解这一现象。
