Perpétuo Catarina, Diniz Eva, Veríssimo Manuela
William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1100-304 Lisbon, Portugal.
Children (Basel). 2021 Oct 7;8(10):895. doi: 10.3390/children8100895.
Sleep is a biological process that impacts nearly every domain of a child's life. Sleep-wake regulation influences and it is highly influenced by developmental variables related to parent-child relationships, such as attachment. The main goal of the present systematic review is to analyze and integrate the findings of empirical studies investigating the relations between attachment and sleep in preschool age, a period marked by important developmental changes that challenge both attachment system and sleep-wake regulation. A database search was performed using a combination of relevant keywords, leading to the identification of 524 articles, with 19 manuscripts assessed for eligibility; finally, seven studies (2344 children) were included. Overall, the findings were not consistent, with some studies reporting significant associations between attachment security and sleep quality, as well as between attachment insecurity and sleep problems, whereas others did not find significant associations. The results are discussed in light of the available theoretical models and integrated in the context of measurement approaches to attachment and sleep heterogeneity, aiming to guide future research on the topic.
睡眠是一个生物过程，几乎影响着儿童生活的各个领域。睡眠-觉醒调节会产生影响，并且它受到与亲子关系相关的发育变量（如依恋）的高度影响。本系统综述的主要目的是分析和整合实证研究的结果，这些研究调查了学龄前儿童依恋与睡眠之间的关系，这一时期以重要的发育变化为特征，这些变化对依恋系统和睡眠-觉醒调节都构成了挑战。通过结合相关关键词进行数据库搜索，共识别出524篇文章，其中19篇手稿被评估是否符合纳入标准；最终，纳入了7项研究（2344名儿童）。总体而言，研究结果并不一致，一些研究报告了依恋安全性与睡眠质量之间以及依恋不安全性与睡眠问题之间存在显著关联，而其他研究则未发现显著关联。将根据现有的理论模型对结果进行讨论，并在依恋和睡眠异质性的测量方法背景下进行整合，旨在为该主题的未来研究提供指导。
