Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sadat City University, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 3;13(10):3499. doi: 10.3390/nu13103499.
This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of (SP), golden kiwifruit () flesh (KF), and golden kiwifruit peel (KP) individually or in combination (SFP) on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Negative control rats (GI) were orally administered distilled water in parallel with other treatments. The positive control rat group (GII) was administered 30 mg kg indomethacin to induce gastric ulcers. The KF and KF extracts were used individually or together with SP in treating indomethacin-induced gastric ulcerated rat groups. Gastric ulcerated rat's groups GIII, GIV, GV, GVI, and GVII were orally administered at 30 mg kg rat body weight as total phenolic content (TPC) equivalent from SP, KF, KP, SPF extracts, and Lansoprazole (30 mg kg, as reference drug) daily up to 14 days, respectively. The relevant biochemical parameters, antioxidant biomarkers, and histopathological examination were examined. Remarkably, treating rats with SP, KF, KP, and SFP extracts markedly reduced gastric juice and stomach volume expansion induced by indomethacin. The SP significantly retrieved the pH of gastric juice to a regular rate compared to GI. The ulcer index (UI) was significantly attenuated by SP, KF, KP, and SFP administration. The protection index percentage (PI %) was 80.79, 54.51, 66.08, 75.74, and 74.86% in GIII, GIV, GV, GVI, and GVII, respectively. The gastric mucin content was significantly better attenuated by 95.7 in GIII compared to its content in GI. Lansoprazole increased mucin content by 80.3%, which was considerably lower than SP and SFP. SP, KF, KP, SFP, and Lansoprazole improved the reform of gastric mucosal-increased secreted mucus by 95.6, 61.3, 64.8, 103.1, and 80.2% in GIII, GIV, GV, GVI, and GVII, respectively. Interestingly, SFP efficiently increased vit. B level by 46.0% compared to other treatments. While Lansoprazole administrating did not significantly attenuate vit. B level. The SP and SFP improved iron and Hemoglobin (HB) levels depending on treatment. SP, KF, KP, and SFP significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in blood and stomach tissues. The most potent effect was observed with SP, and SFP was even better than Lansoprazole. Histopathologically, treating rats with SP extract showed a marked reduction of gastric damage and severity changes induced by indomethacin. KP was much better than KF in lessening gastric histopathological damages caused by indomethacin. SFP significantly alleviates gastric histopathological alterations. The lansoprazole-treated group (GVII) greatly relieved the gastric histopathological changes and recorded mild focal necrosis and desquamation of the mucosa in addition to mild oedema in the serosal layer. In conclusion, the presented results proved the antiulcer potential of SP and extracts against an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats, which may be due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammation efficiency. Thus, these data suggested that SP, KF, KP, and SFP extracts as natural and safe alternatives have a gastroprotective potential against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration. The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties are probable mechanisms.
这项研究旨在探讨水醇提（SP）、奇异果果肉（KF）和奇异果皮（KP）单独或联合（SFP）对吲哚美辛诱导的大鼠胃溃疡的治疗作用。阴性对照大鼠（GI）同时给予蒸馏水，作为其他治疗的平行对照。阳性对照大鼠组（GII）给予 30mg/kg 吲哚美辛诱导胃溃疡。KF 和 KF 提取物分别与 SP 联合用于治疗吲哚美辛诱导的胃溃疡大鼠。胃溃疡大鼠组 GIII、GIV、GV、GVI 和 GVII 分别以 SP、KF、KP、SFP 提取物和兰索拉唑（30mg/kg，作为参考药物）的总酚含量（TPC）当量 30mg/kg 大鼠体重每天口服，持续 14 天。检查了相关的生化参数、抗氧化生物标志物和组织病理学检查。值得注意的是，用 SP、KF、KP 和 SFP 提取物治疗大鼠可显著减少吲哚美辛诱导的胃液和胃体积扩张。与 GI 相比，SP 显著将胃液 pH 值恢复到正常水平。与 GI 相比，SP、KF、KP 和 SFP 给药显著降低了溃疡指数（UI）。GIII、GIV、GV、GVI 和 GVII 的保护指数百分比（PI%）分别为 80.79%、54.51%、66.08%、75.74%和 74.86%。与 GI 相比，GIII 中的胃粘蛋白含量显著降低了 95.7%。兰索拉唑使粘蛋白含量增加了 80.3%，明显低于 SP 和 SFP。SP、KF、KP、SFP 和兰索拉唑分别使 GIII、GIV、GV、GVI 和 GVII 的胃黏膜分泌增加的粘蛋白含量增加了 95.6%、61.3%、64.8%、103.1%和 80.2%。有趣的是，SFP 比其他治疗方法更有效地提高了 vit.B 水平，提高了 46.0%。而兰索拉唑给药并没有显著降低 vit.B 水平。SP 和 SFP 可根据治疗情况改善铁和血红蛋白（HB）水平。SP、KF、KP 和 SFP 可显著降低血液和胃组织中的丙二醛（MDA）并增加还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平。SP 的效果最为明显，甚至比兰索拉唑更好。组织病理学检查结果显示，SP 提取物治疗大鼠可显著减轻吲哚美辛诱导的胃损伤和严重程度变化。与 KF 相比，KP 更能减轻吲哚美辛引起的胃组织病理学损伤。SFP 可显著减轻胃组织病理学改变。兰索拉唑治疗组（GVII）极大地缓解了胃组织病理学变化，记录到轻度局灶性坏死和粘膜脱落，以及浆膜层轻度水肿。综上所述，研究结果证明了 SP 和 提取物对大鼠吲哚美辛诱导胃溃疡的抗溃疡作用，这可能是由于它们的抗氧化和抗炎作用。因此，这些数据表明 SP、KF、KP 和 SFP 提取物作为天然和安全的替代品，对吲哚美辛诱导的胃溃疡具有潜在的胃保护作用。抗氧化和抗炎特性可能是其发挥作用的机制。
