Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina 4226, Australia.
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre of Applied Health Economics and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 3;13(10):3502. doi: 10.3390/nu13103502.
Tactical personnel (including military, law enforcement, and fire and rescue) are responsible for ensuring national and public safety. Dietary intake is an important consideration to support optimal health and performance. The aims of this systematic review were to: (1) describe the reported free-living dietary intake (energy and macronutrients) of tactical personnel, and (2) describe the practical implications of reported dietary intakes to support the physical and dietary requirements of tactical personnel. A systematic search of databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science) was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. English and full text research articles were identified and screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic and dietary intake data were extracted, tabulated, and synthesized narratively. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. Twenty-two studies (15 military, 4 law enforcement, and 2 fire and rescue) were eligible to inform this review. The volume of evidence suggested that tactical personnel met dietary protein and exceeded dietary fat recommendations but failed to meet energy and carbohydrate recommendations. Therefore, practical approaches to support optimized energy, fat and carbohydrate intake in tactical personnel is important.
战术人员（包括军事、执法和消防救援）负责确保国家安全和公共安全。饮食摄入是支持最佳健康和表现的一个重要考虑因素。本系统评价的目的是：（1）描述战术人员报告的自由生活饮食摄入（能量和宏量营养素），（2）描述报告的饮食摄入对支持战术人员的身体和饮食需求的实际意义。根据 PRISMA 指南，对数据库（MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL 和 Web of Science）进行了系统搜索。确定了英语和全文研究文章，并根据纳入和排除标准进行了筛选。提取、制表和叙述性综合了人口统计学和饮食摄入数据。使用营养与饮食学会质量标准检查表评估了研究的质量。有 22 项研究（15 项军事、4 项执法和 2 项消防救援）符合本综述的条件。证据的数量表明，战术人员的蛋白质摄入量符合要求，超过了脂肪推荐量，但未能满足能量和碳水化合物的推荐量。因此，支持战术人员优化能量、脂肪和碳水化合物摄入的实用方法很重要。
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