Albert-Ludwigs Universitaet Freiburg, Centre for Medicine and Society, Freiburg, Germany.
Instituto De Salud Publica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia.
Pathog Glob Health. 2022 Jul;116(5):305-318. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2021.1989186. Epub 2021 Oct 24.
During the long-lasting civil war in Colombia, thousands of people were displaced mainly from rural to urban areas, causing social disruption and prolonged poverty. This study aimed at analyzing the traumatic experience many years ago on the current psycho-emotional status of displaced families as well as the ongoing inequalities regarding displaced and non-displaced communities in one of the most affected areas by the armed conflict. An interview survey was conducted among 211 displaced families and 181 non-displaced families in 2 adjacent compounds in Valledupar, Colombia. The questionnaire used questions from the validated national survey and was revised and applied by staff members of the departmental secretary of health who conducted additional in-depth interviews. The study showed that the living conditions of the displaced community were precarious. The past traumatic events many years ago and the current difficult living conditions are associated with psychological problems being more frequent among the displaced people. The displaced people had experienced more violent acts and subsequently had a larger number of emotional symptoms (fright, headache, nervousness, depression, and sleeplessness). Other stress factors like economic problems, severe disease or death of family members and unemployment prevailed among displaced persons. The non-displaced lived in a more protected environment with less exposure to violence and stress, although belonging to a similarly low socio-economic stratum. It is recommended to take measures for a better protection of the displaced community, improve their access to the job market, offer different leisure activities and facilitate public transport.
在哥伦比亚旷日持久的内战期间，成千上万的人主要从农村地区流离失所到城市地区，导致社会动荡和长期贫困。本研究旨在分析多年前的创伤经历对当前流离失所家庭的心理情绪状态的影响，以及在受武装冲突影响最严重的地区之一，流离失所社区与非流离失所社区之间持续存在的不平等现象。在哥伦比亚的瓦尔迪维佩尔的 2 个相邻社区中，对 211 个流离失所家庭和 181 个非流离失所家庭进行了访谈调查。问卷使用了来自经证实的全国调查的问题，并由部门卫生局长的工作人员进行修订和应用，他们还进行了额外的深入访谈。研究表明，流离失所社区的生活条件不稳定。多年前的创伤事件和当前困难的生活条件与流离失所者中更频繁出现的心理问题有关。流离失所者经历了更多的暴力行为，随后出现了更多的情绪症状（恐惧、头痛、紧张、抑郁和失眠）。其他压力因素，如经济问题、家庭成员的重病或死亡以及失业，在流离失所者中更为普遍。非流离失所者生活在一个受保护程度更高的环境中，接触暴力和压力的机会较少，尽管他们属于类似的低社会经济阶层。建议采取措施更好地保护流离失所者社区，改善他们获得就业市场的机会，提供不同的休闲活动，并便利公共交通。
