Szuhany Kristin L, Malgaroli Matteo, Miron Carly D, Simon Naomi M
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York.
Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ). 2021 Jun;19(2):161-172. doi: 10.1176/appi.focus.20200052. Epub 2021 Jun 17.
Losing a loved one is one of life's greatest stressors. Although most bereaved individuals navigate through a period of intense acute grief that lessens with time, approximately 10% will develop a prolonged grief condition. This review provides an overview of the course of grief and describes risk factors for developing prolonged grief disorder. The evolution of the prolonged grief disorder diagnosis, including the latest criteria sets for and , as well as common comorbid conditions and differential diagnosis are discussed. Clinically useful self-report and clinician-rated measures for assessing symptom constructs and overall prolonged grief disorder severity, evidence-based psychotherapies (such as complicated grief treatment), as well as evidence about pharmacologic approaches are presented. Finally, the authors discuss important future directions, including a potential increase in prolonged grief disorder cases due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
失去亲人是人生中最大的压力源之一。尽管大多数丧亲者会经历一段随着时间推移而减轻的强烈急性悲伤期，但约10%的人会发展为持续性悲伤障碍。本综述概述了悲伤的过程，并描述了发展为持续性悲伤障碍的风险因素。讨论了持续性悲伤障碍诊断的演变，包括最新的诊断标准，以及常见的共病情况和鉴别诊断。介绍了用于评估症状构成和整体持续性悲伤障碍严重程度的临床有用的自我报告和临床医生评定量表、循证心理治疗（如复杂性悲伤治疗）以及药物治疗方法的相关证据。最后，作者讨论了重要的未来方向，包括由于新冠疫情可能导致持续性悲伤障碍病例增加。
