Hirt Julian, Meyer Gabriele, Beer Thomas
Kompetenzzentrum Demenz, Institut für Angewandte Pflegewissenschaft, Departement Gesundheit, OST (ehemals FHS St. Gallen), St. Gallen, Schweiz; Internationale Graduiertenakademie, Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
Internationale Graduiertenakademie, Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2021 Nov;166:69-78. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2021.09.002. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
To overcome challenges in dementia care, technological concepts are considered to have a potential. It is unclear, however, how utilization of assistive technologies in Switzerland could look like and which specific potentials it may offer. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to elaborate options for using assistive technologies in dementia care on the basis of the opinion, experience and knowledge of experts.
We chose a qualitative study design. Thematic analysis served to evaluate the expert interviews. To report this study, we followed the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR).
Between November 2018 and May 2019, we interviewed 15 experts. The analysis resulted in three themes, each with three sub-themes: (i) use and potentials of technologies (support in the home care network, promoting a sense of security, facilitating and preserving interaction), (ii) requirements for using technology (structural framework conditions, enhancing quality of life and care, considering individual needs and health situation), and (ii) ethical considerations and technical assets (security and freedom, side effects of telepresence care, caveats and technological optimism).
To exploit the identified potentials of assistive technologies for people with dementia, it is necessary to fulfil the requirements on a structural level in nursing policy, education and clinical practice. Furthermore, assistive technologies should be applied that have demonstrated effectiveness without unwanted effects. The decision to use assistive technologies should be made on an individual basis. Accordingly, the use of assistive technologies should take into account the needs of the persons involved and be adapted to the state of health of people with dementia.
为应对痴呆症护理中的挑战，技术概念被认为具有潜力。然而，目前尚不清楚瑞士辅助技术的应用情况以及它可能带来哪些具体潜力。因此，本研究的目的是根据专家的意见、经验和知识，阐述在痴呆症护理中使用辅助技术的方案。
我们采用了定性研究设计。主题分析用于评估专家访谈。为了报告本研究，我们遵循了定性研究报告标准（SRQR）。
在2018年11月至2019年5月期间，我们采访了15位专家。分析得出三个主题，每个主题又包含三个子主题：（i）技术的使用和潜力（在家护理网络中的支持、增强安全感、促进和保持互动），（ii）使用技术的要求（结构框架条件、提高生活质量和护理质量、考虑个人需求和健康状况），以及（iii）伦理考量和技术资产（安全与自由、远程临场护理的副作用、注意事项和技术乐观主义）。
为了挖掘辅助技术对痴呆症患者的潜在作用，有必要在护理政策、教育和临床实践的结构层面上满足相关要求。此外，应应用已证明有效且无不良影响的辅助技术。使用辅助技术的决定应因人而异。因此，辅助技术的使用应考虑相关人员的需求，并适应痴呆症患者的健康状况。
