Ruini Cristel, Daxenberger Fabia, Gust Charlotte, Schuh Sandra, French Lars E, Welzel Julia, Sattler Elke C
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.
Doctorate School (PhD) in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italien.
Hautarzt. 2021 Dec;72(12):1048-1057. doi: 10.1007/s00105-021-04905-2. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been able to establish itself in recent years not only in academic-scientific, but also in everyday dermatological practice. Its focus lies on epithelial tumors of the skin, which can be diagnosed intuitively and within a few seconds. Thus, basal cell carcinomas, actinic keratoses, and different stages of field cancerization can be diagnosed and monitored for response to therapy or possible recurrence. This often helps to avoid invasive sample extraction. Recently, the field of OCT and its latest advancement, dynamic OCT (D-OCT), has been expanded to include non-oncologic dermatological diseases. This encompasses inflammatory dermatoses and the analysis of physiological skin parameters such as hydration. Thanks to automated vascular imaging and the measurement of objective parameters such as epidermal thickness, blood flow at depth, optical attenuation coefficient, and skin roughness, more and more characteristics of the skin can be studied in a noninvasive and standardized way. New potential areas of application are eczema, contact allergic dermatitis, psoriasis, rosacea, telangiectasia, acute and chronic wounds, melasma and nevus flammeus but also melanocytic lesions.
近年来,光学相干断层扫描(OCT)不仅在学术科研领域站稳了脚跟,在日常皮肤科实践中也得到了广泛应用。它主要聚焦于皮肤上皮肿瘤,能够在短短几秒内直观地进行诊断。因此,基底细胞癌、光化性角化病以及不同阶段的场癌化都可以被诊断出来,并监测其对治疗的反应或是否可能复发。这常常有助于避免进行侵入性样本提取。最近,OCT领域及其最新进展——动态OCT(D-OCT),已扩展到涵盖非肿瘤性皮肤病。这包括炎症性皮肤病以及对皮肤生理参数(如水合作用)的分析。借助自动血管成像以及对诸如表皮厚度、深部血流、光学衰减系数和皮肤粗糙度等客观参数的测量,越来越多的皮肤特征能够以非侵入性和标准化的方式进行研究。新的潜在应用领域包括湿疹、接触性过敏性皮炎、银屑病、酒渣鼻、毛细血管扩张、急慢性伤口、黄褐斑和鲜红斑痣,还有黑素细胞病变。