School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
Biol Lett. 2021 Oct;17(10):20210442. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0442. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
The threat of excessive nutrient enrichment, or eutrophication, is intensifying across the globe as climate change progresses, presenting a major management challenge. Alterations in precipitation patterns and increases in temperature are increasing nutrient loadings in aquatic habitats and creating conditions that promote the proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms. The exacerbating effects of climate warming on eutrophication are well established, but we lack an in-depth understanding of how aquatic ectotherms respond to eutrophication and warming in tandem. Here, I provide a brief overview and critique of studies exploring the cumulative impacts of eutrophication and warming on aquatic ectotherms, and provide forward direction using mechanistically focused, multi-threat experiments to disentangle complex interactions. Evidence to date suggests that rapid warming will exacerbate the negative effects of eutrophication on aquatic ectotherms, but gradual warming will induce physiological remodelling that provides protection against nutrients and hypoxia. Moving forward, research will benefit from a greater focus on unveiling mechanisms behind interactions and designing treatments that better mimic threat dynamics in nature. This approach will enable robust predictions of species responses to ongoing eutrophication and climate warming and enable the integration of climate warming into eutrophication management policies.
随着气候变化的推进，全球范围内过度营养富集（富营养化）的威胁日益加剧，这给管理带来了重大挑战。降水模式的改变和温度的升高增加了水生栖息地的养分负荷，并创造了促进蓝藻水华增殖的条件。气候变暖对富营养化的加剧影响已得到充分证实，但我们对水生变温动物如何应对富营养化和变暖的综合影响仍缺乏深入了解。在这里，我简要概述和评价了研究富营养化和变暖对水生变温动物累积影响的研究，并通过关注机制的多威胁实验提供了前进的方向，以厘清复杂的相互作用。目前的证据表明，快速变暖将加剧富营养化对水生变温动物的负面影响，但逐渐变暖将诱导生理重塑，从而提供对营养物质和缺氧的保护。未来的研究将受益于更多地揭示相互作用背后的机制，并设计更好地模拟自然中威胁动态的处理方法。这种方法将能够对物种对持续富营养化和气候变暖的反应进行强有力的预测，并使气候变暖纳入富营养化管理政策。
