Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Tehran, Iran.
Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Chest. 2022 Feb;161(2):318-329. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.09.042. Epub 2021 Oct 23.
Understanding global trends in the point prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for asthma will facilitate evidence-based decision-making.
What are the global, regional, and national burdens of asthma in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019 by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI)?
Publicly available data from the Global Burden of Disease study from 1990 through 2019 were used. All estimates were presented as counts and age-standardized rates per 100,000, along with their associated uncertainty intervals.
In 2019, the global age-standardized point prevalence and death rates for asthma were 3,415.5 and 5.8 per 100,000, which represent a 24% and 51.3% decrease since 1990, respectively. Moreover, in 2019, the global age-standardized DALY rate was 273.6 and the global point prevalence of asthma was highest in the group 5 to 9 years of age. Also in 2019, the United States (10,399.3) showed the highest age-standardized point prevalence rate of asthma. Generally, the burden of asthma decreased with increasing SDI. Globally, high BMI (16.9%), smoking (9.9%), and occupational asthmagens (8.8%) contributed to the 2019 asthma DALYs.
Asthma remains an important public health issue, particularly in regions with low socioeconomic development. Future research is needed to examine thoroughly the associations asthma has with its risk factors and the factors impeding optimal self-management. Further research also is needed to understand and implement better the interventions that have reduced the burden of asthma.
了解哮喘在全球的现患率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）趋势，将有助于做出基于证据的决策。
1990 年至 2019 年期间，全球 204 个国家和地区的哮喘在年龄、性别和社会人口指数（SDI）方面的全球、区域和国家负担是多少？
使用了来自 1990 年至 2019 年全球疾病负担研究的公开数据。所有估计值均以每 10 万人的计数和年龄标准化率以及相关的不确定区间表示。
2019 年，全球哮喘的年龄标准化现患率和死亡率分别为每 10 万人 3415.5 例和 5.8 例，分别比 1990 年下降了 24%和 51.3%。此外，2019 年全球哮喘的年龄标准化 DALY 率为 273.6 例，哮喘的全球现患率最高的年龄组为 5 至 9 岁。同样在 2019 年，美国（10399.3）的哮喘年龄标准化现患率最高。一般来说，哮喘的负担随着 SDI 的增加而降低。全球范围内，高 BMI（16.9%）、吸烟（9.9%）和职业性哮喘原（8.8%）导致了 2019 年哮喘的 DALYs。
哮喘仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题，特别是在社会经济发展水平较低的地区。未来的研究需要彻底研究哮喘与其危险因素之间的关系，以及阻碍最佳自我管理的因素。还需要进一步研究以了解和实施可以减轻哮喘负担的干预措施。
