Ishida Ai, Bazyler Caleb D, Sayers Adam L, Stone Michael H, Gentles Jeremy A
Department of Sports, Exercise, Recreation, and Kinesiology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.
School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States.
Front Sports Act Living. 2021 Oct 11;3:757253. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2021.757253. eCollection 2021.
The purpose of this study was to examine seasonal changes in training load (TL), neuromuscular performance, subjective recovery, and stress state, and to investigate the relationships between acute and chronic TL and neuromuscular performance in competitive female soccer players. Nine competitive female soccer players (20.0 ± 1.7 years; 60.3 ± 6.3 kg; 164.0 ± 5.8 cm) completed the Short Recovery and Stress Scale and the countermovement jump (CMJ) with polyvinyl chloride pipe (CMJ0) and 20 kg barbell (CMJ20) at 2-3 h before 1st match (NC), 6th match (NC), 9th match (C), and 15th match (C) of the competitive season. TL included total distance, high-speed running, and PlayerLoad. Acute and chronic TL was calculated by using the average of 2 days (D), 7 days (D), and 21 days (D) prior to four different match play. Significant decreases were found from NC to C in D total distance [ = 0.03, Cohen's effect size (d) = 1.40]. D total distance and PlayerLoad significantly decreased from NC to C and C ( = 0.001-0.01, d = 1.40-1.72). Significant increases were observed from NC to C in CMJ0 jump height ( = 0.03, d = 1.40), ( = 0.021, d = 1.44), and peak power ( = 0.03, d = 1.32). Significant negative correlations were observed for D total distance and CMJ0 jump height ( = 0.02, = 0.79) and peak power ( = 0.03, = 0.71) at C, while significant positive correlations were observed at C for D PlayerLoad and CMJ0 jump height ( = 0.02, = 0.80). Polyvinyl chloride pipe CMJ0) jump height and peak power may increase from preseason to the midcompetitive season. Seasonal variations may affect the relationships between D TL and CMJ0 performance.
本研究的目的是考察竞技女子足球运动员训练负荷（TL）、神经肌肉性能、主观恢复和应激状态的季节性变化，并探究急性和慢性TL与神经肌肉性能之间的关系。9名竞技女子足球运动员（20.0±1.7岁；60.3±6.3千克；164.0±5.8厘米）在赛季第1场比赛（NC）、第6场比赛（NC）、第9场比赛（C）和第15场比赛（C）前2至3小时完成了简易恢复与应激量表以及使用聚氯乙烯管（CMJ0）和20千克杠铃（CMJ20）进行的纵跳（CMJ）测试。TL包括总距离、高速奔跑距离和运动员负荷。急性和慢性TL通过计算四种不同比赛前2天（D）、7天（D）和21天（D）的平均值得出。从NC到C，发现D总距离显著下降[P = 0.03，科恩效应量（d）= 1.40]。从NC到C以及从C到C，D总距离和运动员负荷显著下降（P = 0.001 - 0.01，d = 1.40 - 1.72）。从NC到C，观察到CMJ0跳跃高度（P = 0.03，d = 1.40）、[P = 0.021，d = 1.44]和峰值功率（P = 0.03，d = 1.32）显著增加。在C时，观察到D总距离与CMJ0跳跃高度（P = 0.02，r = 0.79）和峰值功率（P = 0.03，r = 0.71）之间存在显著负相关，而在C时，观察到D运动员负荷与CMJ0跳跃高度之间存在显著正相关（P = 0.02，r = 0.80）。聚氯乙烯管CMJ0）跳跃高度和峰值功率可能从季前赛到赛季中期有所增加。季节性变化可能会影响D TL与CMJ0性能之间的关系。
