Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, Dessie Health Science College, Dessie, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 28;16(10):e0259160. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259160. eCollection 2021.
Pharmaceuticals wastes are drugs and medicines that can no longer be used. The improper disposal of unused medicines is a growing problem throughout the world. This study assessed the pharmaceutical wastage rate and pharmaceutical waste management for the year 2015 to 2017 in the public health facility of Dessie, Ethiopia.
A cross-section study design was used to review logistic data retrospectively from health commodity management information systems and manual records in 8 health facilities. Health professionals' (135) pharmaceutical waste management practices were assessed using the world health organization waste management checklist. Descriptive and inferential statistics were made using a statistical package for social sciences version 20.
Supplies were the leading class of pharmaceuticals with an overall wastage rate of 37.1%. Tablet and injectable constituted the highest class of pharmaceuticals dosage form with the overall wastage rate of 20.78% and 16.49%. The overall pharmaceutical wastage rate was 3.68% amounting to USD 159,762.66 and expiry (92.05%) was the major reason for wastage. The pharmaceutical wastage rate of health centers was nearly twofold higher than hospitals. Pharmaceutical waste management was practiced by 105 (77%; 95% CI; 69.9%, 84.9%) health professionals. Determinants of pharmaceutical waste management were being male (P value = 0.08, AOR = 3.72), receiving training (P value = 0.01, AOR = 4.34), writing label (P value = 0.02, AOR = 5.04), storage of segregated waste in dispensing unit (P value = 0.01, AOR = 0.72) and the presence of disposal plan (P value = 0.002, AOR = 16.93).
Supplies and tablets constituted the highest wastage class of pharmaceuticals and dosage form. The pharmaceutical wastage rate was higher than the standard and increasing in successive years. Pharmaceutical waste management was not fully practiced. Appropriate inventory control and waste management are recommended.
药品废物是指无法再使用的药物和药品。在全球范围内，未使用药品的不当处理是一个日益严重的问题。本研究评估了 2015 年至 2017 年埃塞俄比亚德西公共卫生机构的药品废弃率和药品废物管理情况。
采用横断面研究设计，回顾性地审查了 8 个卫生设施内卫生商品管理信息系统和手工记录的逻辑数据。使用世界卫生组织废物管理清单评估了 135 名卫生专业人员的药品废物管理实践情况。使用社会科学统计软件包 20 版进行描述性和推断性统计。
供应品是药品的主要类别，总废弃率为 37.1%。片剂和注射剂构成了药品剂型中废弃率最高的类别，分别为 20.78%和 16.49%。总药品废弃率为 3.68%，达 159762.66 美元，过期（92.05%）是造成废弃的主要原因。与医院相比，卫生中心的药品废弃率几乎高出一倍。有 105 名（77%；95%置信区间；69.9%，84.9%）卫生专业人员从事药品废物管理工作。药品废物管理的决定因素包括男性（P 值=0.08，优势比=3.72）、接受培训（P 值=0.01，优势比=4.34）、贴标签（P 值=0.02，优势比=5.04）、在配药单位储存分类废物（P 值=0.01，优势比=0.72）和有处置计划（P 值=0.002，优势比=16.93）。
供应品和片剂构成了药品和剂型中废弃率最高的类别。药品废弃率高于标准，且逐年递增。药品废物管理未得到充分实施。建议进行适当的库存控制和废物管理。
