Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Accra, Ghana.
Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Ital J Pediatr. 2021 Oct 28;47(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s13052-021-01160-y.
Low birth weight (LBW) contributes significantly to infant and child mortality. Each year, about 20 1million deliveries are LBW with 96.5% occurring in developing countries. Whiles the incidence of LBW is reducing in other districts of Sierra Leone, it has been reported to be increasing in the Western Area Urban district. Determining the risk factors in a specific geographic area is important for identifying mothers at risk and thereby for planning and taking appropriate action. The current study sought to identify factors associated with LBW deliveries in the Western Area Urban district of Sierra Leone.
A hospital-based unmatched 1:2 case-control study was conducted among mothers who delivered live singleton babies from November, 2019 to February, 2020 in five referral health facilities. Mothers were conveniently sampled and sequentially enrolled into the study after delivery. Their antenatal care cards were reviewed and a pre-tested questionnaire administered to the mothers. Data analysis was done using Stata 15.0 and association between maternal socio-demographic, socio-economic, obstetric and lifestyle factors and LBW assessed using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.
A total of 438 mothers (146 cases and 292 controls), mean age: 24.2 (±5.8) and 26.1 (±5.5) years for cases and controls respectively participated in the study. Multivariable analysis revealed that being unemployed (AoR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.16-5.49, p = 0.020), having anaemia during pregnancy (AoR = 3.88, 95% CI 1.90-7.90, p < 0.001), having less than 2 years inter-pregnancy interval (AoR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.11-5.73, p = 0.026), and smoking cigarettes during pregnancy (AoR = 4.36, 95% CI 1.94-9.80, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with having LBW babies.
Factors associated with LBW identified were unemployment, anaemia during pregnancy, < 2 years inter-pregnancy interval and cigarette smoking during pregnancy. Health care providers should screen and sensitize mothers on the risk factors of LBW during antenatal sessions.
低出生体重（LBW）是导致婴儿和儿童死亡的主要原因。每年，约有 2010 万婴儿出生体重不足，其中 96.5%发生在发展中国家。虽然塞拉利昂其他地区的 LBW 发病率正在下降，但西部地区城市地区的报道却在上升。确定特定地理区域的危险因素对于识别有风险的母亲从而进行规划和采取适当的行动非常重要。本研究旨在确定塞拉利昂西部地区城市地区与 LBW 分娩相关的因素。
2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 2 月期间，在五家转诊保健机构中，对分娩活单胎婴儿的母亲进行了一项基于医院的、不匹配的 1:2 病例对照研究。在分娩后，母亲们被方便地抽样并连续入组到研究中。他们的产前保健卡被审查，并向母亲们发放了一份预先测试的问卷。使用 Stata 15.0 进行数据分析，使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析评估母婴社会人口统计学、社会经济、产科和生活方式因素与 LBW 之间的关联。
共有 438 名母亲（146 例病例和 292 名对照）参加了研究，病例组和对照组的平均年龄分别为 24.2（±5.8）和 26.1（±5.5）岁。多变量分析显示，失业（AoR=2.52，95%CI 1.16-5.49，p=0.020）、妊娠期间贫血（AoR=3.88，95%CI 1.90-7.90，p<0.001）、两次妊娠间隔时间<2 年（AoR=2.53，95%CI 1.11-5.73，p=0.026）和怀孕期间吸烟（AoR=4.36，95%CI 1.94-9.80，p<0.001）与 LBW 婴儿显著相关。
确定与 LBW 相关的因素包括失业、妊娠期间贫血、两次妊娠间隔时间<2 年和怀孕期间吸烟。卫生保健提供者应在产前会议期间筛查和宣传 LBW 的危险因素。
