Timmer Kalinka, Costa Albert, Wodniecka Zofia
Psychology of Language and Bilingualism Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Center for Brain and Cognition (CBC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Center for Brain and Cognition (CBC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
Brain Lang. 2021 Dec;223:105040. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2021.105040. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
Bilinguals who switch from a monolingual context to a bilingual context enhance their domain-general attentional system. But what drives the adaptation process and translates into the observed increased efficiency of the attentional system? To uncover the origin of the plasticity in a bilingual's language experience, we investigated whether switching between other types of categories also modulated domain-general attentional processes. We compared performance of Catalan-Spanish bilinguals across three experiments in which participants performed the Attentional Network Test in a mixed context and in two single contexts that were created by interleaving words with flankers. The contexts were related to switching (or not) between languages (Experiment-1) or between low-level perceptual color categories (Experiment-2) or between linguistic categories (Experiment-3). Both switching between languages and linguistic categories revealed increased target-P3 amplitudes in mixed contexts compared to single contexts. These findings can inform the Inhibitory Control model regarding the locus and domain-generality of attentional adaptations.
从单语环境切换到双语环境的双语者会增强其领域通用的注意力系统。但是，是什么驱动了适应过程并转化为所观察到的注意力系统效率提高呢？为了揭示双语者语言体验中可塑性的来源，我们研究了在其他类型的类别之间进行切换是否也会调节领域通用的注意力过程。我们在三个实验中比较了加泰罗尼亚语 - 西班牙语双语者的表现，在这些实验中，参与者在混合语境以及通过将单词与侧翼刺激交错排列而创建的两个单一语境中进行注意力网络测试。这些语境与语言之间（或不）切换（实验 1）、低级感知颜色类别之间（实验 2）或语言类别之间（实验 3）有关。与单一语境相比，语言之间和语言类别之间的切换在混合语境中均显示出目标 P3 波幅增加。这些发现可以为抑制控制模型提供有关注意力适应的位置和领域通用性的信息。
