Bijeljac-Babic R, Biardeau A, Grainger J
CNRS, Poitiers, France.
Mem Cognit. 1997 Jul;25(4):447-57. doi: 10.3758/bf03201121.
Two lexical decision experiments tested the influence of briefly presented orthographically related primes on target word recognition in bilinguals. The prime stimuli were high-frequency words either from the same language as that of the target or from the other language known by the bilingual subjects. When the prime and target were from the same language, orthographically related primes systematically inhibited target word recognition, whereas orthographically dissimilar primes did not. When the prime and target were words from different languages, the amount of inhibition increased as a function of subjects' level of proficiency in the prime word's language, with highly proficient bilinguals showing practically equivalent amounts of within and across language inhibitory priming. These results strongly suggest that a printed string of letters can simultaneously activate lexical representations in both of the bilingual's languages (insofar as these share the same alphabet), even when subjects are performing a monolingual task.
两项词汇判断实验测试了短暂呈现的正字法相关启动词对双语者目标词识别的影响。启动刺激是高频词，要么与目标词来自同一语言，要么来自双语受试者所知晓的另一种语言。当启动词和目标词来自同一语言时，正字法相关的启动词会系统性地抑制目标词的识别，而正字法不相似的启动词则不会。当启动词和目标词来自不同语言时，抑制量会随着受试者对启动词语言的熟练程度而增加，熟练程度高的双语者在跨语言和同语言抑制启动方面表现出几乎相同的抑制量。这些结果有力地表明，即使受试者正在执行单语任务，一串印刷字母也能同时激活双语者两种语言中的词汇表征（只要这两种语言共享相同的字母表）。
