Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Apr;44:208-214. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.013. Epub 2021 Sep 24.
Personality disorders (PDs) are characterized by interpersonal dysfunction and deficits in prosociality are theorized to contribute to this. We review studies linking categorical PDs to prosocial and antagonistic traits and highlight studies that assessed prosocial behavior in PDs via economic games. We structure our review based on the recently proposed affordance framework of prosocial behavior, summarizing the evidence for exploitation, reciprocity, temporal conflict, and dependence under uncertainty as situational affordances that allow the expression of personality in prosocial behavior. We conclude that some of the inconsistencies in the literature may be due to studies focusing on different situational affordances and the reliance on categorical PDs. We suggest a research agenda and a set of testable hypotheses based on maladaptive personality traits included in the newly implemented dimensional PD diagnoses in ICD-11 and DSM-5.
人格障碍（PDs）的特征是人际关系功能障碍，而亲社会缺陷理论上与之相关。我们回顾了将分类 PDs 与亲社会和敌对特征联系起来的研究，并强调了通过经济游戏评估 PDs 中亲社会行为的研究。我们根据最近提出的亲社会行为的可供性框架来组织综述，总结了在不确定条件下剥削、互惠、时间冲突和依赖作为情境可供性的证据，这些可供性允许个性在亲社会行为中表现出来。我们得出结论，文献中的一些不一致可能是由于研究关注不同的情境可供性以及对分类 PDs 的依赖。我们基于 ICD-11 和 DSM-5 中实施的新维度 PD 诊断中包含的适应不良人格特征，提出了一个研究议程和一组可检验的假设。
