Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
Research Centre for Hunan Peanut Engineering Technology, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2021 Oct 29;21(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12866-021-02355-3.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and economic crop. Calcium modulates plants in response to abiotic stresses and improves plant resistance to pathogens. Enrichment of beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere is associated with plant disease resistance and soil development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in peanut rhizosphere microbial community structure between the calcium treatment and the control during two growth stages and to explain why calcium application could improve the resistance of peanuts to soil-borne pathogens.
The 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing of rhizosphere microbiome showed that calcium application significantly enriched Serratia marcescens and other three dominant strains at the seedling stage. At the pod filling stage, ten dominant stains such as Sphingomonas changbaiensis and Novosphingobium panipatense were enriched by calcium. Serratia marcescens aseptic fermentation filtrate was mixed with PDA medium and inoculated with the main soil-borne pathogens in the seedling stage, which could inhibit the growth of Fusarium solani and Aspergillus flavus. The aseptic fermentation filtrate of Novosphingobium panipatense was mixed with PDA medium and inoculated with the main soil-borne pathogens in the pod filling stage, which could inhibit the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii and Leptosphaerulina arachidicola.
Calcium application increases the resistance of peanuts to soil-borne pathogens by enriching them with specific dominant bacteria.
花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）是一种重要的油料和经济作物。钙可以调节植物对非生物胁迫的反应，提高植物对病原体的抗性。根际有益微生物的富集与植物抗病性和土壤发育有关。本研究旨在分析钙处理与对照在两个生长阶段花生根际微生物群落结构的差异，并解释为什么钙的应用可以提高花生对土传病原体的抗性。
根际微生物组的 16S rDNA 扩增子测序表明，钙处理在苗期显著富集了粘质沙雷氏菌和其他三种优势菌株。在豆荚填充阶段，钙处理富集了十株优势菌株，如长白山鞘氨醇单胞菌和泛菌属。粘质沙雷氏菌无菌发酵滤液与 PDA 培养基混合，接种苗期主要土传病原菌，可抑制茄病镰刀菌和黄曲霉的生长。泛菌属无菌发酵滤液与 PDA 培养基混合，接种豆荚填充阶段的主要土传病原菌，可抑制菌核和花生褐斑病菌的生长。
钙处理通过富集特定的优势细菌来提高花生对土传病原体的抗性。
