Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 29;11(1):21319. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00702-y.
Pyrethroids are chemical insecticides that are widely used to control pests. Entomopathogenic fungi are considered environmentally safe alternatives to these compounds. Pyrethroids and entomopathogenic fungi not only co-exist in the environment but can also be applied together in pest control. They are often found in contact with each other, and thus, it seems important to understand their interactions at the cellular level. In this study, we analyzed whether pyrethroids could influence the phospholipid profile of Beauveria bassiana and whether membrane changes are one of the mechanisms by which these fungi adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions. The results of our study revealed that pyrethroids changed the phospholipid profile and increased the cell membrane permeability of B. bassiana, which enabled them to enter and accumulate within the fungal cells, resulting in oxidative stress. Pyrethroids influenced the amount of neutral lipids, caused a decrease in sodium content, and also temporarily lowered the level of the secondary metabolite oosporein in the studied fungi. These findings indicate that the effect of pyrethroids on entomopathogenic fungi may be more complex than originally thought and that lipidomic studies can aid in fully understanding the influence of these chemicals on the mentioned group of fungi.
拟除虫菊酯是一种广泛用于控制害虫的化学杀虫剂。昆虫病原真菌被认为是这些化合物的环境安全替代品。拟除虫菊酯和昆虫病原真菌不仅在环境中共存，而且可以一起用于害虫防治。它们经常相互接触，因此，了解它们在细胞水平上的相互作用似乎很重要。在这项研究中，我们分析了拟除虫菊酯是否会影响球孢白僵菌的磷脂谱，以及膜的变化是否是这些真菌适应不利环境条件的机制之一。我们的研究结果表明，拟除虫菊酯改变了球孢白僵菌的磷脂谱并增加了细胞膜的通透性，使它们能够进入并在真菌细胞内积累，从而导致氧化应激。拟除虫菊酯影响中性脂质的含量，导致钠离子含量减少，同时暂时降低了研究真菌中次级代谢物卵孢菌素的水平。这些发现表明，拟除虫菊酯对昆虫病原真菌的影响可能比最初想象的更为复杂，脂质组学研究可以帮助全面了解这些化学物质对上述真菌群的影响。
