Li Ying, An Yusan, Hao Yun, Zhang Luo, Ouyang Yuhui
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2021 Oct 31. doi: 10.12932/AP-210621-1162.
Knowledge of the prevalence of common sensitizing allergens may aid in overall management of allergic disease in a specified area.
The aim of this study was to identify and analyse the prevalence of common inhaled and food sensitizing allergens in Beijing.
This was a retrospective study, analysing demographic data and serum sIgE antibody test results from 59057 outpatients who presented to Beijing TongRen Hospital, from January 2013 to December 2019.
28879 patients (48.9%) showed positive sIgE test results; with significantly more males aged under 16 years sensitized to at least one allergen than females, and most patients (53.62%) were sensitized to multiple allergens. The first inhaled sensitizing allergens was Artemisia grass (11910 (41.24%)); and the first food allergens was crab (3547 (12.28%)). For Artemisia sensitized patients, sIgE levels were mostly at level 5. The number of patients with ragweed allergy is increasing year by year. The detection rates for sIgE to Artemisia, common ragweed, and Humulus grass allergens were significantly higher in August and September. R package ggplot2 analysis, demonstrated strong correlations between tree allergens and common ragweed and Humulus grass allergens (phi coefficients = 0.50 and 0.46, respectively; both P < 0.01).
The prevalence of sensitization to different allergens in Beijing showed Artemisia grass was the most commonly inhaled sensitizing allergen, and the number of patients with ragweed grass allergy was increasing by year.
了解常见致敏变应原的流行情况有助于特定地区过敏性疾病的整体管理。
本研究旨在确定并分析北京地区常见吸入性和食物性致敏变应原的流行情况。
这是一项回顾性研究，分析了2013年1月至2019年12月在北京同仁医院就诊的59057名门诊患者的人口统计学数据和血清特异性免疫球蛋白E（sIgE）抗体检测结果。
28879名患者（48.9%）的sIgE检测结果呈阳性；16岁以下男性对至少一种变应原致敏的人数明显多于女性，且大多数患者（53.62%）对多种变应原致敏。首要吸入性致敏变应原是蒿草（11910例（41.24%））；首要食物变应原是螃蟹（3547例（12.28%））。对于蒿草致敏患者，sIgE水平大多为5级。豚草过敏患者数量逐年增加。8月和9月蒿草、普通豚草和葎草变应原的sIgE检测率显著更高。R软件包ggplot2分析表明，树木变应原与普通豚草和葎草变应原之间存在强相关性（phi系数分别为0.50和0.46；均P<0.01）。
北京地区对不同变应原的致敏流行情况显示，蒿草是最常见的吸入性致敏变应原，豚草过敏患者数量逐年增加。
