Danish Research Centre for Migration, Ethnicity and Health, Section of Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Eur J Public Health. 2022 Apr 1;32(2):302-310. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab186.
Immigrants and ethnic minorities have been shown to be at increased risk of hospitalization from COVID-19. Our aim was to analyse the contribution of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors on hospital admissions for COVID-19 among immigrants and ethnic minorities compared to the majority population.
We used nationwide register data on all hospitalized COVID-19 cases between February and June 2020 (N = 2232) and random controls from the general population (N = 498 117). We performed logistic regression analyses and adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, and socioeconomic and demographic factors. The main outcome measure was hospitalization with COVID-19 and was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Among 2232 COVID-19 cases, the OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among immigrants and descendants of non-Western origin was 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 2.23-2.89) compared with individuals of Danish origin with most pronounced results among individuals from Iraq, Morocco, Pakistan and Somalia. The OR was largely attributed to comorbidity and socioeconomic factors, especially household size, occupation, and population density.
There is a significantly higher OR of hospitalization with COVID-19 among non-Western immigrants and ethnic minorities compared with ethnic Danes. This knowledge is crucial for health policymakers and practitioners in both the current and future pandemics to identify more vulnerable groups and target prevention initiatives.
已证实移民和少数族裔因 COVID-19 住院的风险增加。我们的目的是分析社会经济和人口统计学危险因素对 COVID-19 住院的影响，比较移民和少数族裔与多数人群的差异。
我们使用了 2020 年 2 月至 6 月期间所有住院 COVID-19 病例的全国登记数据（n=2232）和一般人群的随机对照（n=498117）。我们进行了逻辑回归分析，并调整了年龄、性别、合并症以及社会经济和人口统计学因素。主要结局指标是 COVID-19 住院治疗，并使用优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）进行估计。
在 2232 例 COVID-19 病例中，移民和非西方原籍后代 COVID-19 住院的 OR 是丹麦原籍个体的 2.5 倍（95%CI：2.23-2.89），其中来自伊拉克、摩洛哥、巴基斯坦和索马里的个体的结果最为显著。OR 主要归因于合并症和社会经济因素，尤其是家庭规模、职业和人口密度。
与丹麦裔个体相比，非西方移民和少数族裔 COVID-19 住院的 OR 显著更高。这一知识对于当前和未来大流行期间的卫生政策制定者和从业者至关重要，有助于确定更脆弱的群体，并针对性地开展预防措施。
