Lin Zheguang, Wang Shuai, Neumann Peter, Chen Gongwen, Page Paul, Li Li, Hu Fuliang, Zheng Huoqing, Dietemann Vincent
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
J Pest Sci (2004). 2021;94(4):1487-1504. doi: 10.1007/s10340-020-01322-7. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
In a globalized world, parasites are often brought in contact with new potential hosts. When parasites successfully shift host, severe diseases can emerge at a large cost to society. However, the evolutionary processes leading to successful shifts are rarely understood, hindering risk assessment, prevention, or mitigation of their effects. Here, we screened populations of , an ectoparasitic mite of the honeybee genus , to investigate their genetic structure and reproductive potential on new and original hosts. From the patterns identified, we deduce the factors that influenced the macro- and microevolutionary processes that led to the structure observed. Among the mite variants identified, we found two genetically similar populations that differed in their reproductive abilities and thus in their host specificity. These lineages could interbreed, which represents a threat due to the possible increased virulence of the parasite on its original host. However, interbreeding was unidirectional from the host-shifted to the nonshifted native mites and could thus lead to speciation of the former. The results improve our understanding of the processes affecting the population structure and evolution of this economically important mite genus and suggest that introgression between shifted and nonshifted lineages may endanger the original host.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10340-020-01322-7.
在全球化的世界中，寄生虫常常会接触到新的潜在宿主。当寄生虫成功转换宿主时，可能会引发严重疾病，给社会带来巨大代价。然而，导致成功宿主转换的进化过程却很少为人所理解，这阻碍了对其影响的风险评估、预防或缓解。在此，我们对蜜蜂属的一种体外寄生螨的种群进行了筛选，以研究它们在新宿主和原始宿主上的遗传结构和繁殖潜力。从所识别出的模式中，我们推断出影响导致所观察到的结构的宏观和微观进化过程的因素。在所识别出的螨类变体中，我们发现了两个遗传相似的种群，它们的繁殖能力不同，因此宿主特异性也不同。这些谱系可以杂交，这构成了一种威胁，因为寄生虫对其原始宿主的毒力可能会增加。然而，杂交是单向的，从转换宿主的螨类到未转换宿主的本地螨类，因此可能导致前者的物种形成。这些结果增进了我们对影响这种具有经济重要性的螨类种群结构和进化过程的理解，并表明转换宿主和未转换宿主的谱系之间的基因渗入可能会危及原始宿主。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s10340-020-01322-7获取的补充材料。
