埃塞俄比亚儿童土壤传播蠕虫的趋势：一项系统评价与荟萃分析（2000 - 2018年）

Trend of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Ethiopian Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2000-2018).

作者信息

Alemu Getaneh, Mekonnen Feleke, Nega Mezgebu, Muluneh Chalachew

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

Amhara National Regional State Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

出版信息

J Parasitol Res. 2021 Oct 22;2021:5638836. doi: 10.1155/2021/5638836. eCollection 2021.

DOI:10.1155/2021/5638836

PMID:34721896

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8556119/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ethiopia is one of the tropical countries with a heavy burden of soil-transmitted helminths. As a result, the nation has been implementing mass drug administration, water, sanitation, and hygiene and health extension programs to control those parasites. Hence, updated data about the prevalence and trend of parasites over time has a pivotal role to assess the success of existing control programs.

METHODS

Studies conducted between 2000 and 2018 were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and local journals for systematic reviews and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guideline and checklists. Eligible studies were selected based on preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale in meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochran test and test statistics based on the random effect model. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA 2.0) was used to calculate the pooled prevalence, and metaregression was run to assess the trend of parasite prevalence over time.

RESULTS

Thirty-eight studies recruiting 16,266 participants were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites was 52.0% (95% CI: 44.4-59.5). Amhara region was with the highest prevalence (60.3%; 95% CI: 50.1-69.6). Among soil-transmitted helminths, (11.2%; 95% CI: 8.4-14.8) was with the highest pooled prevalence followed by hookworms (10.4%; 95% CI: 7.9-13.7) and (3.6%; 95% CI: 2.4-5.4). Metaregression analysis revealed that all soil-transmitted helminths did not show a significantly decreasing trend over time ( > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Despite various control efforts having been made, soil-transmitted helminths are of high distribution, and their prevalence is not significantly decreasing in Ethiopia. Hence, other control approaches like community-led sanitation should be integrated with mass drug administration to achieve the national goal of soil-transmitted helminth elimination by 2025.

摘要

背景

埃塞俄比亚是热带国家之一，土壤传播的蠕虫负担沉重。因此，该国一直在实施大规模药物给药、水、环境卫生和个人卫生以及卫生推广计划来控制这些寄生虫。因此，随着时间推移有关寄生虫流行率和趋势的最新数据对于评估现有控制计划的成功与否具有关键作用。

方法

按照PRISMA指南和清单，在PubMed、谷歌学术搜索以及当地期刊中检索2000年至2018年期间开展的研究，以进行系统评价和荟萃分析。根据预设的纳入和排除标准选择符合条件的研究。在荟萃分析中使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估纳入研究的质量。使用基于随机效应模型的Cochran检验和检验统计量评估研究之间的异质性。使用综合荟萃分析（CMA 2.0）计算合并流行率，并进行元回归以评估寄生虫流行率随时间的趋势。

结果

该评价纳入了38项研究，共16266名参与者。肠道寄生虫的合并流行率为52.0%（95%置信区间：44.4 - 59.5）。阿姆哈拉地区的流行率最高（60.3%；95%置信区间：50.1 - 69.6）。在土壤传播的蠕虫中，蛔虫（11.2%；95%置信区间：8.4 - 14.8）的合并流行率最高，其次是钩虫（10.4%；95%置信区间：7.9 - 13.7）和鞭虫（3.6%；95%置信区间：2.4 - 5.4）。元回归分析显示，所有土壤传播的蠕虫随时间推移均未呈现出显著下降趋势（P>0.05）。