Aemiro Aleka, Menkir Sisay, Tegen Dires, Tola Gedam
Department of Biology, Mekdela Amba University College of Natural and Computational Science, Mekdela, Ethiopia.
Department of Biology, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Infect Dis (Auckl). 2022 Mar 26;15:11786337211055437. doi: 10.1177/11786337211055437. eCollection 2022.
A Soil-transmitted helminthic infection (STHIs) remains a notable health problem in resource-limited countries.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the overall prevalence of STH infections in Ethiopia.
Articles written in English were searched from online public databases. Searching terms taken separately and jointly were "prevalence," "soil-transmitted helminths" "nematode," "Geo-helminths," "roundworm," "Necator," "Ancylostoma," "Ascaris," "Trichuris," "hookworm," "whipworm," "," "associated factors," and "Ethiopia." We used STATA version 14 for meta-analysis and Cochran's Q test statistics and the test for heterogeneity.
From 297 reviewed articles 41 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of STH infections in Ethiopia was 36.78% Ascaris lumbricoides had the highest pooled prevalence 17.63%, followed by hook worm12.35%. Trichuris trichiura 7.24% when the prevalence of was 2.16% (95% CI: 0.97-3.35). Age, sex, residence, family education level, lack of shoe wearing habits and open defecation were identified as risk factors for STH infection. Eating unwashed and uncooked fruit and vegetables increased the risk of STH infection by 1.88 times while untrimmed finger nail and lack of hand washing habits increase the risk of STH infection by 1.28 and 3.16 times respectively with 95% CI.
Lack of published studies from Afar, Gambela, Somali, and Benshangul gumuz regions may affect the true picture. The other limitation is that the search strategy will be restricted articles published only in the English language but there might be articles that published using another language.
Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms and Trichuris trichiura, are the most prevalent soil-transmitted helminthes infections in Ethiopia. Age, sex, residence, family education level, lack of shoe wearing habits Open defecation untrimmed finger nail and lack of hand washing habits significantly associated with STH infection. When eating unwashed, uncooked fruit and vegetables were not significantly associated with STH infection. Strategic use of anti-helminthic, health education, and adequate sanitation, taking into account this epidemiologic information is helpful in the control of STH infections in Ethiopia.
土壤传播的蠕虫感染（STHIs）在资源有限的国家仍然是一个显著的健康问题。
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在确定埃塞俄比亚STH感染的总体患病率。
从在线公共数据库中检索用英文撰写的文章。单独和联合使用的检索词为“患病率”“土壤传播的蠕虫”“线虫”“土源性蠕虫”“蛔虫”“钩虫”“粪类圆线虫”“十二指肠钩虫”“蛔虫”“鞭虫”“相关因素”和“埃塞俄比亚”。我们使用STATA 14版进行荟萃分析以及 Cochr an Q检验统计和异质性检验。
在297篇综述文章中，41篇符合纳入标准。埃塞俄比亚STH感染的合并患病率为36.78%。蛔虫的合并患病率最高，为17.63%，其次是钩虫，为12.35%。鞭虫为7.24%，而蛲虫为2.16%（95%CI：0.97 - 3.35）。年龄、性别、居住地、家庭教育水平、不穿鞋习惯和露天排便被确定为STH感染的危险因素。食用未清洗和未煮熟的水果和蔬菜使STH感染风险增加1.88倍，而指甲未修剪和缺乏洗手习惯分别使STH感染风险增加1.28倍和3.16倍（95%CI）。
阿法尔、甘贝拉、索马里和本尚古勒-古穆兹地区缺乏已发表的研究可能会影响真实情况。另一个局限性是检索策略将仅限于仅用英文发表的文章，但可能存在用其他语言发表的文章。
蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫是埃塞俄比亚最普遍的土壤传播蠕虫感染。年龄、性别、居住地、家庭教育水平、不穿鞋习惯、露天排便、指甲未修剪和缺乏洗手习惯与STH感染显著相关。食用未清洗、未煮熟的水果和蔬菜与STH感染无显著关联。考虑到这些流行病学信息，战略性地使用抗蠕虫药物、健康教育和适当的卫生设施有助于控制埃塞俄比亚的STH感染。
