Mansoor Farah, Kumar Jitesh, Kaur Navneet, Sultan Sandresh, Tahir Hamza, Dilip Anum, Khan Faryal, Kumar Narindar, Khalid Haya, Talpur Abdul Subhan
Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK.
Internal Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK.
Cureus. 2021 Sep 27;13(9):e18307. doi: 10.7759/cureus.18307. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Introduction Electrolyte disturbances are commonly reported in acute stroke in studies conducted in the western world. Presently, the data available about the prevalence of electrolyte disturbance in patients with stroke are not sufficient, especially from developing countries. The purpose of our study is to determine the frequency of occurrence of electrolyte imbalance in patients presenting with acute stroke in a tertiary care hospital. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of internal medicine and neurology in a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan, from December 2019 to March 2021. A total of 300 patients, aged between 30 and 70 years, with either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, as diagnosed on contrast tomography (CT) scan of the head or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, were enrolled in the study. The biochemical analysis of the stroke patients was done. Results Out of the 300 participants, 139 (46.3%) participants were from the ischemic stroke group while 161 (53.7%) were from the hemorrhagic stroke group. The mean sodium level was significantly lower in the ischemic group as compared to the hemorrhagic group (129.41 ± 3.12 mEq/L vs. 134.42 ± 3.46 mEq/L; p-value: <0.0001). Potassium level was significantly higher in the hemorrhagic group compared to the ischemic group (6.27 ± 1.12 mmol vs. 4.31 ± 0.71 mmol; p-value: <0.0001). Conclusion Patients coming to emergency with stroke should be screened immediately for electrolyte imbalance. Early identification of rapid imbalances of serum electrolytes may aid in prompt medical intervention and resultant improved outcomes in stroke patients. It is crucial that electrolyte imbalances in these patients are closely monitored to avoid any complications.
引言 在西方世界开展的研究中，急性卒中患者常出现电解质紊乱。目前，关于卒中患者电解质紊乱患病率的现有数据并不充分，尤其是来自发展中国家的数据。我们研究的目的是确定在一家三级护理医院中，急性卒中患者出现电解质失衡的频率。
方法 这项描述性横断面研究于2019年12月至2021年3月在巴基斯坦一家三级护理医院的内科和神经科进行。共有300名年龄在30至70岁之间、经头颅对比计算机断层扫描（CT）或脑部磁共振成像（MRI）诊断为缺血性或出血性卒中的患者纳入研究。对卒中患者进行了生化分析。
结果 在300名参与者中，139名（46.3%）参与者来自缺血性卒中组，161名（53.7%）来自出血性卒中组。缺血组的平均钠水平显著低于出血组（129.41±3.12毫当量/升对134.42±3.46毫当量/升；p值：<0.0001）。出血组的钾水平显著高于缺血组（6.27±1.12毫摩尔对4.31±0.71毫摩尔；p值：<0.0001）。
结论 因卒中前来急诊的患者应立即进行电解质失衡筛查。早期识别血清电解质的快速失衡可能有助于及时进行医疗干预，从而改善卒中患者的预后。密切监测这些患者的电解质失衡情况以避免任何并发症至关重要。
