Sandoval-Ramírez Berner-Andrée, Catalán Úrsula, Llauradó Elisabet, Valls Rosa-María, Salamanca Patricia, Rubió Laura, Yuste Silvia, Solà Rosa
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery Department, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and CVD Research Group (NFOC-Salut), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
Grup de recerca CENIT (Grup Col·laboratiu en Estils de Vida, Nutrició i Tabaquisme), Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària-IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, España.
Nutr Rev. 2022 May 9;80(6):1515-1530. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab086.
Anthocyanins (ACNs) are phenolic compounds present in foods and have undefined health benefits. The present umbrella review aimed to analyze the effects of ACNs on multiple aspects of human health (from systematic reviews and meta-analyses [SRMs] of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]), and the associations of ACNs with the risk of various diseases (from SRMs of observational studies [OSs]). Following the PRISMA methodology, the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases were searched up to November 1, 2020 for OS-SRMs and RCT-SRMs that examined the effects of ACNs on health. The risk of bias of RCT-SRMs was assessed using the AMSTAR 2, and that of OS-SRMs was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Based on 5 OS-SRMs (57 studies and 2 134 336 participants), ACNs of various sources were significantly associated with a reduction in the risks of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. According to 8 RCT-SRMs (139 interventions and >4984 participants), ACNs improved plasmatic lipids, glucose metabolism, and endothelial function, without affecting blood pressure. No associations between ACNs and breast or gastric cancer risks were found. ACN intake opens new pathways for the management of glucose metabolism, the plasmatic lipid profile, and the improvement of endothelial function in humans.
花青素（ACNs）是存在于食物中的酚类化合物，对健康的益处尚不明确。本伞状综述旨在分析ACNs对人类健康多个方面的影响（来自随机对照试验[RCTs]的系统评价和荟萃分析[SRMs]），以及ACNs与各种疾病风险的关联（来自观察性研究[OSs]的SRMs）。按照PRISMA方法，检索了截至2020年11月1日的PubMed、SCOPUS和Cochrane数据库，以查找研究ACNs对健康影响的OS-SRMs和RCT-SRMs。使用AMSTAR 2评估RCT-SRMs的偏倚风险，使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所方法评估OS-SRMs的偏倚风险。基于5项OS-SRMs（57项研究和2134336名参与者），各种来源的ACNs与高血压和2型糖尿病风险降低显著相关。根据8项RCT-SRMs（139项干预措施和超过4984名参与者），ACNs改善了血脂、葡萄糖代谢和内皮功能，而不影响血压。未发现ACNs与乳腺癌或胃癌风险之间存在关联。ACN的摄入为人类葡萄糖代谢管理、血脂状况改善和内皮功能改善开辟了新途径。
