Lee Si Woo, Kim Ji-Young, Hong Ki Yong, Choi Tae Hyun, Kim Byung Jun, Kim Sukwha
Si Woo Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Korea.
Division of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Arch Craniofac Surg. 2021 Oct;22(5):239-246. doi: 10.7181/acfs.2021.00325. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
Bone grafts can provide an optimal environment for permanent tooth to erupt and enhance the stability of the alveolar maxilla. Although autologous bone is an optimal source for osteogenesis, its inevitable donor site morbidity has led to active research on bone substitutes. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of using biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; Osteon) as a bone substitute in dogs.
Bilateral third and fourth premolars of four 15-week-old mongrel dogs were used. All teeth were extracted except the third premolar of the right mandible, which was used as a control. After extraction of the premolars, each dog was administered BCP (Osteon), demineralized bone matrix (DBM; DBX), and no graft in the hollow sockets of the right fourth premolar, left fourth premolar, and left third premolar, respectively. Radiographs were taken at 2-week intervals to check for tooth eruption. After 8 weeks, each dog was sacrificed, and tooth and bone biopsies were performed to check for the presence of tooth and bone substitute particle remnants.
Four weeks after the operation, permanent tooth eruptions had started at all the extraction sites in each dog. Eight weeks after the operation, all teeth had normally erupted, and histological examination revealed BCP particles at the right fourth premolar.
In all four dogs, no delay in the eruption of the teeth or shape disfigurement of permanent teeth was observed on gross inspection and radiologic evaluation. On histological examination, most of the BCP and DBM were replaced by new bone. Bone substitutes can be used as graft materials in patients with alveolar clefts.
骨移植可为恒牙萌出提供最佳环境，并增强上颌牙槽骨的稳定性。尽管自体骨是成骨的最佳来源，但其不可避免的供区并发症促使人们积极研究骨替代物。本研究旨在评估使用双相磷酸钙（BCP；Osteon）作为犬骨替代物的安全性和可行性。
选用4只15周龄的杂种犬，双侧第三和第四前磨牙。除右侧下颌第三前磨牙用作对照外，其余所有牙齿均拔除。拔除前磨牙后，分别在右侧第四前磨牙、左侧第四前磨牙和左侧第三前磨牙的牙槽窝内植入BCP（Osteon）、脱矿骨基质（DBM；DBX），左侧第三前磨牙牙槽窝不植入任何移植材料。每隔2周拍摄X线片检查牙齿萌出情况。8周后，处死每只犬，进行牙齿和骨活检，检查牙齿和骨替代颗粒残留情况。
术后4周，每只犬所有拔牙部位均开始有恒牙萌出。术后8周，所有牙齿均正常萌出，组织学检查显示右侧第四前磨牙处有BCP颗粒。
在所有4只犬中，大体检查和影像学评估均未观察到牙齿萌出延迟或恒牙形态异常。组织学检查显示，大部分BCP和DBM被新骨替代。骨替代物可作为牙槽嵴裂患者的移植材料。
