Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sichuan University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 3;11(1):21631. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-01094-9.
Previous studies have reported the relationship between effect of caffeine and many diseases. However, studies to evaluate the association between caffeine and hearing loss are contradictory. To examine the relationship of urinary caffeine metabolites with the hearing threshold in US adults, a total of 849 adults aged 20-69 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011-2012) were enrolled in this study. Urinary caffeine and its 14 metabolites were applied as biomarkers to assess caffeine exposure. Hearing loss was defined as mean pure tone averages > 25 dB HL at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz in both ears (low frequency); and 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz in both ears (high frequency). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of urinary caffeine metabolites with low- and high-frequency hearing thresholds, respectively. Low-frequency hearing loss were 5.08% and 6.10% in male and female participants, respectively; and high-frequency hearing loss were 31.81% and 15.14% in male and female participants, respectively. In the unadjusted model, the P value for trend shows that urinary caffeine metabolites 137X and AAMU were significantly associated with low-frequency PTA, and that 17X, 137X, AAMU were significantly associated with high-frequency PTA, but when the model was adjusted for sex, age, education level, firearm noise exposure, occupational noise exposure, recreational noise exposure, serum cotinine, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, these were no longer statistically significant. In conclusion, urinary caffeine metabolites were not associated with the hearing threshold shifts in US adults.
先前的研究报告了咖啡因的作用与许多疾病之间的关系。然而，评估咖啡因与听力损失之间关联的研究结果却相互矛盾。为了研究美国成年人尿液中咖啡因代谢物与听力阈值之间的关系，共纳入了 849 名年龄在 20-69 岁之间、参加了 2011-2012 年国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）的成年人。本研究采用尿液咖啡因及其 14 种代谢物作为生物标志物来评估咖啡因的暴露情况。听力损失定义为双耳低频（500、1000 和 2000Hz）和高频（3000、4000 和 6000Hz）平均纯音听阈>25dBHL。采用单变量和多变量线性回归分析分别评估尿液咖啡因代谢物与低频和高频听力阈值的关系。男性和女性参与者的低频听力损失分别为 5.08%和 6.10%；高频听力损失分别为 31.81%和 15.14%。在未调整的模型中，趋势检验 P 值表明，尿液咖啡因代谢物 137X 和 AAMU 与低频 PTA 显著相关，17X、137X 和 AAMU 与高频 PTA 显著相关，但当模型调整了性别、年龄、教育水平、枪支噪声暴露、职业噪声暴露、娱乐噪声暴露、血清可替宁、体重指数、糖尿病、高血压后，这些关系就不再具有统计学意义。综上所述，尿液咖啡因代谢物与美国成年人听力阈值的改变无关。
