Department of Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, China.
Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, China.
Comput Math Methods Med. 2021 Oct 25;2021:1723486. doi: 10.1155/2021/1723486. eCollection 2021.
. Skin tumor is one of the frequent occurring forms of cancer where 2-3 million instances are reported worldwide. The ultraviolet rays along with the environmental pollutants and other contaminants can be the potential factors of skin cancer. Cyclin D1 is a serious gene included in controlling the development through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a naturally existing mycotoxin which majorly occurs in food like grains. It is responsible for producing the splitting of single-strand DNA and is identified to be cancer-causing. It is established as a critical risk factor towards reproductive health in both males and females. . A single dose of ochratoxin A was used for topical application for assessment of skin tumor promotion activity, hyperplasia, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and expression of cyclin D1 and COX-2 in mouse skin. Enhancement in the synthesis of DNA, activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, and overexpression of cyclin D1 and COX-2 were noted. Primary murine keratinocyte cell culture was cultured with Waymouth's medium. Western blot analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of cyclin D1 and COX-2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to the association between AP-1 transcription and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-B) with COX-2 and cyclin D1 promoters. . The results found that cyclin D1 and COX-2 were responsible for stimulating OTA-induced PMK proliferation and hyperplasia. . EGFR-mediated pathways were also responsible for tumor promotion due to OTA.
皮肤肿瘤是癌症的常见形式之一，全世界报告的病例有 200 至 300 万例。紫外线以及环境污染物和其他污染物可能是皮肤癌的潜在因素。细胞周期蛋白 D1 是一种严重的基因，包含在通过细胞周期 G1 期的发育控制中。赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）是一种天然存在的真菌毒素，主要存在于谷物等食物中。它负责产生单链 DNA 的断裂，被认为是致癌的。它被确定为男性和女性生殖健康的一个关键危险因素。
用单剂量的赭曲霉毒素 A 进行局部应用，以评估皮肤肿瘤促进活性、增生、鸟氨酸脱羧酶活性以及小鼠皮肤中环细胞蛋白 D1 和 COX-2 的表达。注意到 DNA 的合成增强、表皮生长因子受体的激活以及 cyclin D1 和 COX-2 的过表达。原代鼠角质形成细胞培养用 Waymouth 培养基培养。使用 Western blot 分析和实时聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测 cyclin D1 和 COX-2 的表达。染色质免疫沉淀（ChIP）试验用于检测 AP-1 转录因子和核因子-kappaB（NF-B）与 COX-2 和 cyclin D1 启动子之间的关联。
结果发现，cyclin D1 和 COX-2 负责刺激 OTA 诱导的 PMK 增殖和增生。由于 OTA，EGFR 介导的途径也负责肿瘤促进。
