Zhang Shengsheng, Wang Ruixin, Li Danyan, Zhao Luqing, Zhu Lixin
Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2021 Aug 6;9(5):392-401. doi: 10.1093/gastro/goab035. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Functional constipation (FC) is common, yet the etiology is not clear. Accumulating evidence suggests an association between FC and abnormal gut microbiota. The relationship between the gut microbiota and the gut transit is likely bidirectional. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the impact of gut microbiota on the pathogenesis of FC. By modulating the colonic motility, secretion, and absorption, gut microbiota may contribute to the development of FC through microbial metabolic activities involving bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and methane. In support of the key roles of the gut microbiota in FC, treatment with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine often result in compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiota. Further studies on the pathogenesis of FC and the therapeutic mechanism of microecological agents will provide a knowledge base for better management of FC.
功能性便秘（FC）很常见，但其病因尚不清楚。越来越多的证据表明FC与肠道微生物群异常之间存在关联。肠道微生物群与肠道转运之间的关系可能是双向的。本综述总结了目前关于肠道微生物群对FC发病机制影响的证据。通过调节结肠的运动、分泌和吸收，肠道微生物群可能通过涉及胆汁酸、短链脂肪酸、5-羟色胺和甲烷的微生物代谢活动促进FC的发展。为支持肠道微生物群在FC中的关键作用，使用益生菌、益生元、合生元和中药进行治疗通常会导致肠道微生物群的组成和功能发生变化。对FC发病机制和微生态制剂治疗机制的进一步研究将为更好地管理FC提供知识基础。
