Zhang Wenpeng, Zhou Yuomei, Li Jingzhan, Zeng Tingting, Liao Jinlian
Department of Research Institute of Healthy China, University of East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China.
Department of Physical Education and Health, University of East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China.
Front Nutr. 2021 Oct 18;8:724176. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.724176. eCollection 2021.
The attention of the Chinese government on nutrition, exercise, and health refers to the attention degree of the Central Government to the nutrition, exercise, and health of Chinese nationals and reflects whether Central Government attach importance to Chinese nationals' nutrition, exercise and health or not and the distribution of resources, which influence the physical quality and health level of Chinese nationals. Based on the attention theory and attention distribution proposed by Herbert Simon, Dai Kai, et al., this study took 43 Central Government Work Reports from 1978 to 2020 as research samples, used literature reviews, and textual analysis methods, and applied the Nvivo12.0 software to conduct qualitative and quantitative analyses about the contents of the Central Government Work Report concerning the nutrition, exercise, and health of Chinese nationals. This research found the following: (1) There has been a relatively huge overall change in the attention of the Central Government, that is, the level of attention, to the nutrition, exercise, and health of Chinese nationals from 1978 to 2020, and the policies related to nutrition, exercise and health of Chinese nationals issued by the Central Government have been growing faster. (2) The income level of the urban and rural residents, the total production of various types of food, dietary structure, the total number of medical and health institutions, the average life expectancy of the Chinese population, and the number of sports venues have been constantly increasing since the reform and opening up, which has effectively promoted the improvement of the nutrition, exercise and health level of Chinese nationals, and it cannot be achieved without the attention and support of the Central Government. However, the change in the lifestyle of Chinese nationals has led to the growth of the modern "Civilization Disease," which is also an important issue that the Central Government needs to handle urgently.
中国政府对营养、运动与健康的关注，指的是中央政府对中国国民营养、运动与健康的关注程度，反映了中央政府是否重视中国国民的营养、运动与健康以及资源分配情况，这影响着中国国民的身体素质和健康水平。基于赫伯特·西蒙、戴凯等人提出的注意力理论和注意力分配理论，本研究选取了1978年至2020年的43份中央政府工作报告作为研究样本，采用文献综述和文本分析方法，并运用Nvivo12.0软件对中央政府工作报告中有关中国国民营养、运动与健康的内容进行定性和定量分析。本研究发现如下：（1）1978年至2020年期间，中央政府对中国国民营养、运动与健康的关注，即关注水平，总体上发生了相对巨大的变化，中央政府出台的与中国国民营养、运动与健康相关的政策增长速度更快。（2）改革开放以来，城乡居民收入水平、各类食物总产量、膳食结构、医疗卫生机构总数、中国人口平均预期寿命以及体育场馆数量不断增加，这有效促进了中国国民营养、运动与健康水平的提高，而这离不开中央政府的关注与支持。然而，中国国民生活方式的改变导致现代“文明病”增多，这也是中央政府亟待解决的重要问题。
