Department of Urology, Kent And Canterbury Hospital, East Kent University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, UK.
Department of Urology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2022 Mar;14(2):92-101. doi: 10.1111/luts.12415. Epub 2021 Nov 3.
The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) approaches its 30th anniversary. This ubiquitous clinical assessment tool is a standard in the assessment and research of lower urinary tract symptoms in men. The authors explore its history, development, and subsequent dissemination through validated translations across the world. An estimated global coverage is calculated and mapped according to language population.
Embase and Medline literature searches were performed, with further hand searches of grey literature and online resources. Twenty-two abstracts and journal articles validating language translations of the IPSS were reviewed in full and tabulated. Language population data were gathered from an official database and mapped.
The IPSS is available in 53 languages. Twenty-seven languages have statistically or clinically validated translations for use in male patients. This corresponds to a conservative estimate of global population coverage of approximately 2.3 billion men, or 60% of the worldwide male population. Translation methodology involves forward and back translation. Statistical validation is performed with control patients. Cronbach's alpha is used for internal consistency, and Spearman's coefficient (p) or Pearson's coefficient (r) for test-retest reliability. Issues such as the emergence of altered versions deviating from original validated translations and translation difficulties due to cultural differences are observed. Further translational work is needed to validate versions of the IPSS in languages of the developing world.
The IPSS is the most prevalent patient-administered questionnaire used in urology across the world. There is no other clinical tool seen to have similar coverage. This paper aims to provide a roadmap for future clinical tools to acquire a similar level of translation and dissemination.
国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）即将迎来 30 周年。作为一种普遍使用的临床评估工具，它是评估和研究男性下尿路症状的标准。本文通过对全球范围内经过验证的翻译版本的探索，阐述了其历史、发展及其后续传播。根据语言和人口数量，对其全球覆盖率进行了估计和绘制。
对 Embase 和 Medline 文献进行检索，并对手头文献和在线资源进行进一步检索。共查阅了 22 篇评估 IPSS 语言翻译的摘要和期刊文章，并进行了全文评估和制表。语言人口数据来自官方数据库并进行了映射。
IPSS 有 53 种语言版本。27 种语言具有经过统计学或临床验证的翻译版本，可用于男性患者。这相当于全球约 23 亿男性（占世界男性总人口的 60%）的保守估计覆盖率。翻译方法涉及正向和反向翻译。使用对照患者进行统计学验证。Cronbach's alpha 用于内部一致性，Spearman 系数（p）或 Pearson 系数（r）用于测试-重测可靠性。观察到一些问题，如出现偏离原始验证翻译的变体版本以及因文化差异导致的翻译困难。需要进一步的翻译工作来验证 IPSS 在发展中国家语言中的版本。
IPSS 是全球泌尿外科领域使用最广泛的患者自评问卷，没有其他临床工具具有类似的覆盖率。本文旨在为未来的临床工具提供一个类似的翻译和传播路线图。
