Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Research, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Behav Res Ther. 2021 Dec;147:103991. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103991. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
Executive functions (EFs) play a key role in emotion regulation and, related to this, depression. Cognitive remediation (CR) targeting EFs, such as Goal Management Training (GMT) and computerized cognitive training (CCT), may reduce maladaptive emotion regulation. However, the clinical potential of GMT in the context of depression and emotion regulation remains to be tested. Hence, the primary aim of the present study was to compare effects of GMT with CCT on symptoms of emotion dysregulation.
The paper reports the effects of a preregistered randomized controlled trial. Sixty-three participants (18-60yrs) with active or remitted depression and EF complaints were randomized to nine sessions of GMT (n = 35) or CCT (n = 28). All were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and at 6-month follow-up. The Ruminative Response Scale and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale were employed to assess emotion regulation.
Both groups improved following the intervention on emotion regulation domains after controlling for intention-to-treat, including brooding rumination and on items reflecting non-accepting reactions to distress. Relative to CCT, the GMT-group demonstrated increased clarity of emotional responses in the per protocol analysis.
Our findings demonstrate the potential of GMT and CCT in reducing maladaptive emotion regulation in depression.
执行功能（EFs）在情绪调节中起着关键作用，与情绪调节相关的是抑郁症。针对执行功能的认知矫正（CR），如目标管理训练（GMT）和计算机化认知训练（CCT），可能会减少适应不良的情绪调节。然而，GMT 在抑郁症和情绪调节背景下的临床潜力仍有待检验。因此，本研究的主要目的是比较 GMT 和 CCT 对情绪失调症状的影响。
本文报告了一项预先注册的随机对照试验的结果。63 名（18-60 岁）有活跃或缓解期抑郁症和 EF 抱怨的参与者被随机分为 9 节 GMT（n=35）或 CCT（n=28）组。所有参与者在基线、干预后和 6 个月随访时进行评估。采用反思反应量表和情绪调节困难量表来评估情绪调节。
两组在进行意向治疗后，包括沉思性反刍和对痛苦的非接受反应的项目，在情绪调节领域都得到了改善。与 CCT 相比，GMT 组在方案分析中表现出情绪反应清晰度的提高。
我们的研究结果表明，GMT 和 CCT 在减少抑郁症患者适应不良的情绪调节方面具有潜力。
