Asirvatham Edwin Sam, Mammen Joy John, Lakshman Jeyaseelan, Sarman Charishma Jones, Charles Bimal, Upadhyaya Sunita, Rajan Shobini
Christian Medical Association of India (CMAI), New Delhi, India.
Christian Medical College, Vellore, India.
Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2021 Oct;37(4):640-647. doi: 10.1007/s12288-021-01399-9. Epub 2021 Jan 24.
India lacks comprehensive information about blood transfusion systems, which could help ensure universal access to safe blood through evidence-based strategies and programs. We conducted the first national assessment of blood bank systems, services, practices, and performance in India. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all 2626 blood banks and assessed the administrative, technical, and quality aspects in 2016. In addition to descriptive analysis, we compared the means of different variables using independent t-test or ANOVA and a generalized linear model. We performed linear regression analysis between the collection of blood per 100 people and the number of blood banks per million people. The disaggregated mean score of quality management system and overall performance are presented by different groups. Besides, we graded the performance based on tertile classification, as low, medium and high-performance blood banks. Of the 2493 blood banks that participated in the study, most were public (38%) or not-for-profit(38%), and 51% had component separation facilities. Of the 11.65 million units of blood collected annually, 72% was through voluntary blood donation. There were 2.2 blood banks per one million people, collecting around one unit per 100 persons annually with wide variation between states. The mean overall performance score was 62(95% confidence interval [CI]:61.6-62.5), and the mean quality management system score was 57.4(95% CI:56.8-58.0), with significant variation across different categories of blood banks. This assessment provides critical information for developing evidence-based policies, programs, and monitoring systems to improve the performance of blood transfusion services in India.
印度缺乏有关输血系统的全面信息，而这些信息有助于通过基于证据的策略和项目确保安全血液的普遍可及性。我们对印度的血库系统、服务、操作规范及绩效进行了首次全国性评估。2016年，我们对所有2626家血库开展了横断面调查，并评估了其行政、技术和质量方面的情况。除描述性分析外，我们使用独立t检验或方差分析以及广义线性模型比较了不同变量的均值。我们对每100人的血液采集量与每百万人的血库数量进行了线性回归分析。质量管理体系和整体绩效的分类平均得分按不同组呈现。此外，我们根据三分位数分类将绩效分为低、中、高绩效血库。在参与研究的2493家血库中，大多数是公立血库（38%）或非营利性血库（38%），51%具备成分分离设施。在每年采集的1165万个单位血液中，72%是通过自愿无偿献血获得的。每百万人中有2.2家血库，每年每100人采集约1个单位血液，各邦之间差异很大。整体绩效平均得分为62（95%置信区间[CI]：61.6 - 62.5），质量管理体系平均得分为57.4（95%CI：56.8 - 58.0），不同类别血库之间存在显著差异。这项评估为制定基于证据的政策、项目和监测系统提供了关键信息，以改善印度输血服务的绩效。
