Zaccari Vittoria, Gragnani Andrea, Pellegrini Valerio, Caiazzo Tecla, D'Arienzo Maria Chiara, Magno Antonella, Femia Giuseppe, Mancini Francesco
Associazione Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (APC-SPC), Rome, Italy.
Department of Human Sciences, Marconi University, Rome, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 22;12:755744. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.755744. eCollection 2021.
While the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for general mental health and the increase in anxiety and depression are clear, less is known about the potential effect of the pandemic on OCD. The purpose of this study is to collect new data to monitor the symptomatic status of patients with OCD during the period of emergency due to COVID-19 and to make a comparison between two psychodiagnostic evaluations. Eleven OCD patients and their psychotherapists were recruited. All patients had a specific psychodiagnostic assessment for OCD (SCL-90; OCI-R; Y-BOCS self-report) performed between December 2019 and January 2020 (t0), and undertook cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure and prevention of response protocol (ERP) before the lockdown. The psychodiagnostic assessment carried out at t0 was re-administered (t1) to all patients, together with a set of qualitative questions collected through an online survey. The respective therapists were asked to document the status of the therapy and the monitoring of symptoms through use of a semi-structured interview (Y-BOCS) and a qualitative interview. Non-parametric analyses were conducted. Patients reported a significant decrease in OCD symptoms. Data analysis showed a decrease in the scores across t0 and at t1 on the Y-BOCS (SR) total self-report, and on OCD symptoms' severity assessed by means of the OCI-r and SCL-90 r OC subscale, for 11 participants. Relating to the measures detected by psychotherapists, marginally significant improvements and lower scores were found in the Y-BOCS (I). An improvement in symptoms was noticed by 90.9% of the clinical sample; this was confirmed by 45.4% of the therapists, who claimed moderate progress in their patients. The data collected through standardized measurements at two different times, albeit relative to a small sample, assume relevance from a clinical point of view. In the literature, some studies document the worsening of OCD. However, in many studies, the type of treatment, the detection time, and the intervention period are not well-specified. These results confirm the effectiveness of CBT/ERP as an elective treatment for OCD through a specific intervention procedure.
虽然新冠疫情对总体心理健康的影响以及焦虑和抑郁情绪的增加已很明显，但疫情对强迫症（OCD）的潜在影响却鲜为人知。本研究的目的是收集新数据，以监测新冠疫情紧急时期强迫症患者的症状状况，并对两种心理诊断评估进行比较。招募了11名强迫症患者及其心理治疗师。所有患者在2019年12月至2020年1月期间（t0）都接受了针对强迫症的特定心理诊断评估（SCL-90；OCI-R；Y-BOCS自我报告），并在封锁前接受了认知行为疗法（CBT）和暴露与反应阻止疗法（ERP）。对所有患者重新进行了在t0时进行的心理诊断评估（t1），同时通过在线调查收集了一组定性问题。要求各自的治疗师通过半结构化访谈（Y-BOCS）和定性访谈记录治疗状况和症状监测情况。进行了非参数分析。患者报告强迫症症状显著减轻。数据分析显示，11名参与者在Y-BOCS（SR）总自我报告以及通过OCI-r和SCL-90 r OC子量表评估的强迫症症状严重程度方面，t0和t1时的得分均有所下降。关于治疗师检测到的指标，在Y-BOCS（I）中发现有略微显著的改善和更低的分数。90.9%的临床样本注意到症状有所改善；45.4%的治疗师证实了这一点，他们称其患者有中度进展。尽管是相对于小样本，但通过在两个不同时间进行的标准化测量收集的数据从临床角度来看具有相关性。在文献中，一些研究记录了强迫症病情的恶化。然而，在许多研究中，治疗类型、检测时间和干预期都没有明确说明。这些结果通过特定干预程序证实了CBT/ERP作为强迫症选择性治疗方法的有效性。
