Stoenica Ioana-Maria, Fiedler Sophia
Center for Applied Linguistics, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Institut für Germanistik, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2021 Oct 22;12:659340. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.659340. eCollection 2021.
One of the most frequent verbal expressions that people use when interacting with each other in French is 'you see' (Cappeau, 2004). Drawing on interactional linguistics and multimodal analysis, we examine the interactional functioning of this verbal expression when occurring in turn-final position. Previous studies on 'you see' in this position document only its use for marking the end of an utterance or for turn-yielding. The following aspects have thus far remained unexplored: The interactional environment in which the construction occurs, how it is connected to the speaker's embodied conduct, the way in which it contributes to mobilizing a response from the recipient, as well as the nature of this response. Our paper addresses these issues and shows that turn-final 'you see' is systematically produced with a final rising intonation and coupled with the speaker's gaze directed to the recipient. This multimodal practice is recurrently deployed in turns conveying the speaker's emotional stance, in turns performing a dispreferred action, like disagreeing, and in turns claiming insufficient knowledge. The response that is invited using this multimodal practice is distinctly tailored to each of these actions: an affiliative response, an aligning response, and a response addressing the prior speaker's claim of insufficient knowledge from the recipient's own point of view. By presenting an in-depth study of the action sequences in which 'you see' is employed, as well as of its multimodal packaging, this contribution highlights the prospective, i.e., response-mobilizing potential of this interactional resource and shows that its use entails sequential implications even when it accompanies actions that project only weakly a response from the recipient.
在法语中，人们相互交流时最常用的口头表达之一是“你看”（卡波，2004）。借助互动语言学和多模态分析，我们研究了这个口头表达出现在话轮末尾时的互动功能。以往关于处于此位置的“你看”的研究仅记录了它用于标记话语结束或话轮转换。以下几个方面迄今仍未得到探讨：该结构出现的互动环境、它与说话者身体行为的关联方式、它促使受话者做出回应的方式以及这种回应的性质。我们的论文探讨了这些问题，并表明话轮末尾的“你看”系统地以升调结尾，并伴随着说话者看向受话者的目光。这种多模态行为经常出现在传达说话者情感立场的话轮中、执行不被偏好的行为（如表示不同意）的话轮中以及声称知识不足的话轮中。通过这种多模态行为引发的回应是根据这些行为各自量身定制的：一种亲和性回应、一种顺应性回应以及从受话者自身角度回应先前说话者关于知识不足的主张的回应。通过深入研究使用“你看”的行动序列及其多模态包装，本研究突出了这种互动资源的前瞻性，即回应引发潜力，并表明即使它伴随着那些仅微弱地预期受话者会做出回应的行为，其使用也会产生序列上的影响。
