Oliva Alessandra, Stefani Stefania, Venditti Mario, Di Domenico Enea Gino
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Laboratory of Molecular Medical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research (Mmarl), Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (Biometec), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Oct 22;12:749685. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.749685. eCollection 2021.
Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria are a major public health problem due to their increasing resistance to antibiotics. and species' resistance and pathogenicity are enhanced by their ability to form biofilm. The biofilm lifestyle represents a significant obstacle to treatment because bacterial cells become highly tolerant to a wide range of antimicrobial compounds normally effective against their planktonic forms. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies targeting biofilms are urgently needed. The lipoglycopeptide dalbavancin is a long-acting agent for treating acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused by a broad range of Gram-positive pathogens. Recent studies have shown promising activity of dalbavancin against Gram-positive biofilms, including methicillin-resistant (MRSA), methicillin-resistant (MRSE), and vancomycin-susceptible enterococci. This review outlines the mechanisms regulating biofilm development in and species and the clinical impact of biofilm-related infections. In addition, it discusses the clinical implications and potential therapeutic perspectives of the long-acting drug dalbavancin against biofilm-forming Gram-positive pathogens.
革兰氏阳性菌引起的感染是一个重大的公共卫生问题，因为它们对抗生素的耐药性不断增强。而且，这些菌种形成生物膜的能力增强了其耐药性和致病性。生物膜生活方式对治疗构成了重大障碍，因为细菌细胞对通常对其浮游形式有效的多种抗菌化合物具有高度耐受性。因此，迫切需要针对生物膜的新型治疗策略。脂糖肽达巴万星是一种长效药物，用于治疗由多种革兰氏阳性病原体引起的急性细菌性皮肤和皮肤结构感染。最近的研究表明，达巴万星对革兰氏阳性生物膜具有良好的活性，包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌（MRSE）和对万古霉素敏感的肠球菌。本综述概述了调节金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌生物膜形成的机制以及生物膜相关感染的临床影响。此外，还讨论了长效药物达巴万星针对形成生物膜的革兰氏阳性病原体的临床意义和潜在治疗前景。
