Zheng Jinnan, Zhang Siyu, Wang Hongfei, Yu Yue, Hu Weijiang
National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
China CDC Wkly. 2021 Oct 22;3(43):906-910. doi: 10.46234/ccdcw2021.222.
Occupational noise exposure is a widespread issue in the manufacturing industry in China. Since 2019, the National Surveillance System for Occupational Hazards in the workplace was established to understand different occupational hazards, especially occupational noise, in workplaces in China.
Both environmental and individual noise exposure levels were measured for 19,378 enterprises according to the issued by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Median and interquartile range (IQR) were calculated to describe the distribution of the noise exposure level by industry classification, enterprise-scale, and ownership type of the enterprise.
Overall, 25.14% of the individual noise exposure samples exceeded the Chinese national standard among the selected enterprises. The overall median of environmental noise exposure level was 82.8 dB(A) in selected enterprises, while the median of individual noise exposure level was 81.3 dB(A). The individual noise exposure level in the manufacture of metal products, manufacture of motor vehicles, mini-sized enterprises, collective enterprises and private enterprises was relatively high.
Occupational noise is still one of the occupational hazards that cannot be ignored in the manufacturing industry, especially in mini-sized and private enterprises. The risk of noise exposure in the target industry is still high and will pose a threat to the health of workers.
职业性噪声暴露是中国制造业中普遍存在的问题。自2019年以来，中国建立了工作场所职业危害国家监测系统，以了解中国工作场所的不同职业危害，尤其是职业性噪声。
根据中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会发布的标准，对19378家企业的环境和个人噪声暴露水平进行了测量。计算中位数和四分位数间距（IQR），以按行业分类、企业规模和企业所有制类型描述噪声暴露水平的分布。
总体而言，在所选定的企业中，25.14%的个人噪声暴露样本超过了中国国家标准。选定企业环境噪声暴露水平的总体中位数为82.8dB（A），而个人噪声暴露水平的中位数为81.3dB（A）。金属制品制造业、汽车制造业、小型企业、集体企业和民营企业的个人噪声暴露水平相对较高。
职业性噪声仍然是制造业中不可忽视的职业危害之一，尤其是在小型企业和民营企业中。目标行业的噪声暴露风险仍然很高，将对工人的健康构成威胁。
