Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Jan;344(Pt B):126290. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126290. Epub 2021 Nov 6.
As important polysaccharide degraders in nature, fungi can diversify their extensive set of carbohydrate-active enzymes to survive in ecological habitats of various composition. Among these enzymes, xylanolytic ones can efficiently and sustainably degrade xylans into (fermentable) monosaccharides to produce valuable chemicals or fuels from, for example relevant for upgrading agro-food industrial side streams. Moreover, xylanolytic enzymes are being used in various industrial applications beyond biomass saccharification, e.g. food, animal feed, biofuel, pulp and paper. As a reference for researchers working in related areas, this review summarized the current knowledge on substrate specificity of xylanolytic enzymes from different families of the Carbohydrate-Active enZyme database. Additionally, the diversity of enzyme sets in fungi were discussed by comparing the number of genes encoding xylanolytic enzymes in selected fungal genomes. Finally, to support bio-economy, the current applications of fungal xylanolytic enzymes in industry were reviewed.
作为自然界中重要的多糖降解菌，真菌可以多样化其广泛的碳水化合物活性酶，以在各种组成的生态生境中生存。在这些酶中，木聚糖酶可以有效地、可持续地将木聚糖降解为（可发酵）单糖，从而从相关的农业食品工业副流中生产有价值的化学品或燃料。此外，木聚糖酶还被用于生物质糖化以外的各种工业应用，例如食品、动物饲料、生物燃料、纸浆和造纸。作为对从事相关领域研究人员的参考，本综述总结了来自碳水化合物活性酶数据库不同家族的木聚糖酶的底物特异性的现有知识。此外，通过比较选定真菌基因组中编码木聚糖酶的基因数量，讨论了真菌酶系的多样性。最后，为了支持生物经济，综述了真菌木聚糖酶在工业中的当前应用。
