Abena Tariku, Simachew Addis
Microbial Biotechnology Research Program, National Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center (NABRC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BioTechnologia (Pozn). 2024 Sep 30;105(3):273-285. doi: 10.5114/bta.2024.141806. eCollection 2024.
The utilization of hydrolytic enzymes in various industrial processes worldwide has gained more attention than chemical catalysts due to the high selectivity of enzymes, their ease of control, and their negligible environmental impact, as they produce very small amounts of byproducts. Xylanase is one such enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of the β-1,4 linkage of xylan, the second most abundant renewable heteropolysaccharide and hemicellulosic constituent of the plant cell wall. Naturally, xylanase can be obtained from various sources such as mollusks, insects, plants, animals, and various microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae). The utilization of xylanase could greatly improve the overall economics of processing lignocellulosic materials for the generation of monosaccharides, liquid fuels, and chemicals. Microbial xylanase is suitable for applications in food and feed, paper and pulp, textile, pharmaceutical, and biorefining industries. It has gained global attention due to its substrate specificities, biochemical properties, and various biotechnological applications. This review focuses on xylanase production, sources, fermentation processes, modes of action, purification methods, and applications in various industries.
由于酶具有高选择性、易于控制且对环境影响可忽略不计（因为它们产生的副产物极少），水解酶在全球各种工业过程中的应用比化学催化剂更受关注。木聚糖酶就是这样一种酶，它催化木聚糖的β-1,4键的断裂，木聚糖是植物细胞壁中第二丰富的可再生杂多糖和半纤维素成分。天然情况下，木聚糖酶可从各种来源获得，如软体动物、昆虫、植物、动物以及各种微生物（细菌、真菌、酵母和藻类）。木聚糖酶的应用可极大地提高加工木质纤维素材料以生产单糖、液体燃料和化学品的整体经济性。微生物木聚糖酶适用于食品和饲料、造纸和纸浆、纺织、制药及生物精炼行业。由于其底物特异性、生化特性及各种生物技术应用，它已受到全球关注。本综述重点关注木聚糖酶的生产、来源、发酵过程、作用方式、纯化方法以及在各个行业中的应用。
