School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Jan;344(Pt B):126292. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126292. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
Cellulosic ethanol production has received global attention to use as transportation fuels with gasoline blending virtue of carbon benefits and decarbonization. However, due to changing feedstock composition, natural resistance, and a lack of cost-effective pretreatment and downstream processing, contemporary cellulosic ethanol biorefineries are facing major sustainability issues. As a result, we've outlined the global status of present cellulosic ethanol facilities, as well as main roadblocks and technical challenges for sustainable and commercial cellulosic ethanol production. Additionally, the article highlights the technical and non-technical barriers, various R&D advancements in biomass pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation strategies that have been deliberated for low-cost sustainable fuel ethanol. Moreover, selection of a low-cost efficient pretreatment method, process simulation, unit integration, state-of-the-art in one pot saccharification and fermentation, system microbiology/ genetic engineering for robust strain development, and comprehensive techno-economic analysis are all major bottlenecks that must be considered for long-term ethanol production in the transportation sector.
纤维素乙醇的生产作为一种运输燃料，具有碳效益和脱碳的优点，受到了全球的关注。然而，由于原料组成的变化、天然抗性以及缺乏具有成本效益的预处理和下游加工，当代纤维素乙醇生物精炼厂正面临着重大的可持续性问题。因此，我们概述了全球现有的纤维素乙醇设施的现状，以及可持续和商业化纤维素乙醇生产的主要障碍和技术挑战。此外，本文还强调了技术和非技术障碍，以及在生物质预处理、酶解、发酵策略方面的各种研发进展，这些都是为了生产低成本可持续燃料乙醇。此外，选择一种低成本、高效率的预处理方法、过程模拟、单元集成、一锅糖化和发酵的最新技术、用于稳健菌株开发的系统微生物学/基因工程，以及全面的技术经济分析，都是在运输领域进行长期乙醇生产必须考虑的主要瓶颈。
