Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Centre (CIMCYC), Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Sports Research Centre, Department of Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain.
J Addict Dis. 2022 Jul-Sep;40(3):336-344. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2021.1990640. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
The use of benzodiazepines among athletes is a new and growing phenomenon according to the recent case reports published. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify if there is rationale for the use of benzodiazepines and its effects on exercise. This review aims to provide an overview of the effects of benzodiazepine in exercise among healthy adult participants and if they might have an additional ergogenic or ergolytic effect. Electronic searches were conducted in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases up to December 2020. Search terms covered all active substance names of benzodiazepine class and search terms about sport, exercise performance and athletes. We used the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) to assess the methodological quality of the studies included in the qualitative synthesis. The methods and planned analyses of this systematic review were pre-registered at Open Science Framework (OSF: https://osf.io/uq6j8). A total of thirty-one full articles were assessed for eligibility and ten of them were included in the qualitative analysis. We found 7 studies which investigated benzodiazepine effects after an acute dose administered, whereas only 3 studies studied long-term effects after several doses used. According to our findings it does not seem that benzodiazepines might have an ergogenic or ergolytic effect on exercise performance. The small number of articles included ( = 10) with a relatively low sample of participants ( = 16, range = 6-58) does invite us to take our results with caution. This review evidences valuable insights into the use of benzodiazepines from a physical performance point of view. Our findings highlight the unclear effects benzodiazepines might have on exercise performance and its possible mechanisms of actions. Hence, the need to conduct new studies to understand its possible effects becomes essential to protect the health of athletes of all levels.
根据最近发表的案例报告，运动员使用苯二氮䓬类药物是一种新的、日益增长的现象。因此，迫切需要确定苯二氮䓬类药物的使用是否合理，以及它对运动的影响。本综述旨在概述健康成年参与者在运动中使用苯二氮䓬类药物的效果，以及它们是否可能具有额外的增强或削弱运动表现的作用。电子检索了 Pubmed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库，检索时间截至 2020 年 12 月。检索词涵盖了苯二氮䓬类药物的所有活性物质名称以及与运动、运动表现和运动员有关的检索词。我们使用物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）评估纳入定性综合分析的研究的方法学质量。本系统评价的方法和计划分析已在开放科学框架（OSF：https://osf.io/uq6j8）上预先注册。共有 31 篇全文文章被评估是否符合纳入标准，其中 10 篇被纳入定性分析。我们发现 7 项研究调查了急性给药后苯二氮䓬类药物的影响，而只有 3 项研究研究了多次给药后长期的影响。根据我们的研究结果，苯二氮䓬类药物似乎对运动表现没有增强或削弱作用。纳入的文章数量较少（ = 10），参与者样本相对较小（ = 16，范围为 6-58），这使我们对研究结果的谨慎性持保留态度。本综述从物理表现的角度为苯二氮䓬类药物的使用提供了有价值的见解。我们的研究结果强调了苯二氮䓬类药物对运动表现的影响可能不明确及其可能的作用机制。因此，需要开展新的研究来了解其可能的影响，这对于保护各级运动员的健康变得至关重要。
